Seminario inaugural del máster en Conservación, Gestión y Restauración de la Biodiversidad, impartido por Carlos M. Herrera, profesor de Investigación de la Estación Biológica de Doñana (EBD, CSIC), b...

This study shows that epimutation rates are heritable quantitative traits and identifies VIM2 and VIM4 as dosage-sensitive negative regulators of CG methylation levels and inheritance fidelity.

Wind turbines influence several abiotic conditions in the environments they are sited in and may influence the behavior and movement of insect pollinators. It is unknown how operating turbines influe...

The Gironde region around Bordeaux is once again battling major wildfires, four years after a devastating blaze swept through the area. As Morgan Ayre explains, a combination of high-risk factors, inc...

Yeasts thriving in floral nectar have a proven ecological engineering capacity, as they modify the internal environment and the rewards of individual flowers in ways that influence how plants and pollinators interact. This floricentric perpective, however, produces only a partial view of the potential role of yeasts in plant-pollinator interactions, and little is known on their possible engineering effects on whole inflorescences. This study assessed yeast ability to shape features of the vertical inflorescences of Gladiolus illyricus (Iridaceae), a Darwin's syndrome plant (acropetalous protandrous flowers pollinated by insects foraging from bottom to top). When yeasts were excluded from inflorescences a declining gradient in nectar sugar concentration built up from the oldest, female-stage flowers at bottom up to the youngest, male-stage ones at top. This plant-intrinsic gradient was reversed in inflorescences with yeasts, where sugar concentration increased from the female-stage flowers harboring dense yeasts population to male-stage ones with few yeasts. The two species of yeasts involved ( Metschnikowi reukaufii and M. gruessii ) differed in their effects. Results add support to the growing consensus that specialized nectar yeasts can obfuscate intrinsic patterns of intra and interspecific variation in flowering features of plants at the level of individual flower, inflorescence, population and plant community. ### Competing Interest Statement The authors have declared no competing interest. Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades, https://ror.org/05r0vyz12, CGL2010-15964 Junta de Andalucía, https://ror.org/01jem9c82, P09-RNM-4517