Unlike instances the past decade from the Taper Tantrum to the Russia-Ukraine war when US and advanced economy monetary tightening caused relative panic as examined in our 2025 book “Emerging Economie...

Cryptocurrencies like Bitcoin are increasingly connected to traditional stock markets worldwide — but does this hold true even in smaller, "frontier" markets with limited access to global finance? This study examines Iraq's Stock Exchange between 2020 and 2026 to find out. We found that in the short term, a rise in Bitcoin's price is linked to a small dip in Iraqi stock returns, suggesting investors treat Bitcoin as a competing place to put their money rather than a safe backup asset. Over the longer term, however, this link disappears entirely. We also tested decentralized finance (DeFi) tokens and found no meaningful connection to the Iraqi market at all — likely because DeFi remains too new, and access to it is still limited for most investors in frontier economies like Iraq.

Exactly a decade ago in the waning days of the Obama Administration the UN organized a high-profile private sector “Call to Action” around an historic General Assembly session devoted to the refugee c...

Global Gains | Om världens bästa aktier och fonder · Episode

Frontier economies have seen a sharp slowdown in investment growth and an increase in fiscal and financial vulnerabilities.

©iStock/guru86 What's affecting me, my clients, my colleagues and other global small business owners: Bill Gates spent years crafting his im...