Panelists from Northeast Iowa, Centralina (North Carolina), and Idaho outlined distinct approaches: person-centered long-term navigation, a hub-and-county triage model, and a lifespan approach that uses EMS and kinship outreach as key referral channels.

Nonprofits and trade groups highlighted workforce shortages, aging farm labor and the need to fund workforce development, health navigation and small‑farm assistance programs; California Farmworker Foundation described outreach and training that reached 65,000 workers last year.

New Birth International Church detailed a winter shelter to operate Dec. 1–Mar. 31 with capacity for 38 beds (four families) and partnerships with Oakland County, Pontiac Community Foundation and Oakland Connect; council asked about fiduciary arrangements, case management and community health workers.