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ITPROTECHのモバイルモニターに新モデルが登場。ラインアップは13.3型の「LCD13HCR-IPS2」と、15.6型の「LCD15HCR-IPS2」。

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Legumes establish symbiotic interactions with soil-dwelling rhizobial bacteria, leading to the formation of nitrogen-fixing root nodules. This process requires extensive transcriptional reprogramming, which is associated with dynamic changes in DNA methylation and histone modifications. However, the role of three-dimensional (3D) genome architecture in symbiosis remains largely unexplored. In a new collaborative study published in Plant Communications between the teams of Florian Frugier (SILEG) and Moussa Benhamed (ChromD) at IPS2, we revealed using High-throughput Chromosome Conformation Capture (Hi-C), that the 3D chromatin landscape undergoes major reorganizations in nitrogen-fixing symbiotic nodules compared with non-symbiotic roots and non-nitrogen-fixing nodules. These changes involve alterations in A / B compartmentalization and the establishment of enhancer-promoter loops linked to the symbiotic program. Strikingly, we identified a long-range chromatin loop bridging a 15 kb distal enhancer to the proximal promoter of the NODULE INCEPTION (NIN) gene, a master regulator of nodulation. This enhancer region contains multiple putative cytokinin (CK) response elements, and the CK-dependent induction of NIN in roots is associated with this enhancer-promoter interaction. Moreover, we demonstrated that the CK signaling transcription factor RESPONSE REGULATOR B3 (RRB3) binds specifically to this distal enhancer region and participates in forming enhancer-promoter looping. Altogether, these results uncovered a critical role for 3D chromatin reorganization in regulating gene expression during the legume-rhizobium symbiosis, highlighting a regulatory mechanism through which hormonal signaling shapes genome architecture and modulates NIN activation via long-range chromatin looping.   Contact : camille.fonouni-farde@universite-paris-saclay.fr

A very large proportion of false specific DEG when using few replicates and Venn Diagramms.   Omics analyses represent a crucial step in the search for condition-specific events and often rely on Venn diagrams. In stress experiments for example, the presence of differentially expressed genes exclusively under combined stress conditions is frequently interpreted as evidence of non-additive effects: the effect of combined stresses would differ from the sum of the effects of individual stresses.   In an article published in Nature Plants (Ferraro et al. 2026), to test the relevance of this line of reasoning, the Gnet team and the OGE team with several collaborators at IPS2, and the POPS, PAPPSO and Phenoscope platforms, generated a transcriptomic and proteomic dataset under a control condition, two single stresses, and the combination of both stresses, with 22 biological replicates.   Analysing this dataset, Ferraro et al. demonstrate that identifying specific responses using Venn diagrams generates many false positives. This is explained by the low statistical power inherent in most omics studies that use  too few replicates (typically around 3).   Ferraro et al. 2026 thus highlights the need to interpret any claims about the specificity of such omics datasets with caution, and advocate for improvements in statistical modeling to avoid misleading biological interpretations.   Contact : guillem.rigaill@universite-paris-saclay.fr   https://www.nature.com/articles/s41477-026-02303-x     Figure: Evolution of the number of true and false specific DEGs as a function of the number of replicates. (Left) Venn diagram of DEGs under single and combined stress conditions; (Right) Number of genes correctly identified as specific (blue), falsely identified as specific (red), and falsely identified as differentially expressed (gray) as a function of the number of replicates.

To defend against pathogens (bacteria, fungi, etc.), plants have a complex immune system composed of two main lines of defense: Pattern-Triggered Immunity (PTI) triggered by the recognition of Pathogen-Associated Molecular Patterns (PAMPs) at the plasma membrane, and Effector-Triggered Immunity (ETI) triggered by the detection of microbial effectors within plant cells. Long considered independent, recent studies show that PTI and ETI interacts closely. For instance, the PAMP-induced Mitogen Activated Protein Kinases 3 and 6 (MPK3/6) are involved in the induction of certain immune genes, such as the SNC1 gene, coding for receptors of effectors. However, the underlying regulatory mechanisms remain largely unknown.   In a research article published in Scientific Reports, researchers from the STRESS team at IPS2 have shown through genetic approaches that the chromatin remodeling factor 5 (CHR5) acts downstream of MPK3/6 to promote the expression of SNC1. The authors also showed that, while CHR5 does not regulate the abundance or activity of MPK3/6, the combination of autoimmune gain-of-function mutants for MPK3 and SNC1 leads to a strong synergistic effect. Overall, the results obtained identify a new MPK3/6-CHR5-SNC1 signaling module and thus contribute to a better understanding of the links between PTI and ETI.   Contact:  julien.lang@universite-paris-saclay.fr

The tomato mars1/rough mutant displays enhanced root regeneration and rough fruits due to ectopic cell proliferation. The causal gene encodes a lysine-specific histone demethylase that normally maint....

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