Scientists are perceived as the group of people most likely to have a positive impact on society through their use of generative artificial intelligence, finds a survey published by the Reuters Institute for the Study of Journalism in Oxford, UK, on 29 October1. The survey, of nearly 19,000 people across nine countries, found that 46% of respondents think that AI use by scientists will make society better. People who use AI tools on a daily or weekly basis were also overwhelmingly found to trust more strongly in the positive impact of the technology across all sectors than were those who seldom or never use it. AI scientists are changing research — institutions, funders and publishers must respond In 2024 and 2025, the team surveyed six countries, selected to provide cross-national variety among high- and upper-middle-income countries with broadly comparable levels of digital-media use. They were Japan, Argentina, France, Denmark, the United States and the United Kingdom. In 2026, Australia, Finland and Norway were added. Information was collected from about 2,000 people from each country. Among the questions survey participants were asked was how much better or worse they thought each of ten groups’ use of generative AI would make their...

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Scientists have mapped in unprecedented detail the proteins that make up the mitochondria in six organisms — five single-celled parasites and one plant — spanning the eukaryotic tree of life. The findings, described in nine papers published in Cell, Cell Press Blue, Molecular Cell and Current Biology on 1 October1–9, reveal dozens of proteins that are not found in humans but are shared among parasites, including some that cause malaria or sleeping sickness. The findings might help scientists to devise new treatments for these illnesses. The work has also stirred a long-running debate about the origin of the mitochondrion. Cells are swapping their mitochondria. What does this mean for our health? Best known as the powerhouse of the eukaryotic cell because it produces energy, the mitochondrion has its own tiny DNA, which is distinct from that of the cell’s nucleus. But both mitochondrial and nuclear DNA encode the proteins that make up this organelle. Most of what is known about the mitochondria comes from human and yeast studies, says Vamsi Mootha, a mitochondrial biologist at Howard Hughes Medical Institute in Boston, Massachusetts, who led the ‘mitoproteome’ catalogues project. Now, by analysing mitochondrial proteins in several eukaryotic branches, the team has...

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