Retinal optical coherence tomography (OCT) classification is often affected by substantial class imbalance and by evaluation bias when images from the same patient appear in both training and test sets. This study proposes MCSP-LightP3R-MoE, a patient-aware framework that combines minority-guided cyclic sequential partition learning with progressive lightweight sparse Mixture-of-Experts routing for four-class retinal OCT classification. Group-disjoint training, validation, and test subsets were constructed from 84,484 OCT images covering CNV, DME, DRUSEN, and NORMAL classes. The model uses an ImageNet-pretrained ResNet18 backbone with three progressive LightMoE modules, heterogeneous lightweight experts, and Top-1 routing, and was evaluated over three independent seeds against conventional CNN, imbalance-handling, and ablation baselines. MCSP-LightP3R-MoE achieved 93.28 ± 0.29% balanced accuracy and 92.06 ± 0.37% macro-F1, while DRUSEN sensitivity reached 89.17 ± 1.92%, an 8.78 percentage-point improvement over ResNet18. Patient-cluster bootstrap analysis supported several gains in balanced accuracy and minority-class sensitivity relative to conventional CNN baselines. The model contains 11.57 million parameters, only 3.47% more than ResNet18. These results indicate that patient-aware sequential exposure and sparse expert routing can improve minority-sensitive OCT classification while retaining a single compact inference model.

While the art world celebrates Sun Xun’s ‘all-in moment’ in Tokyo, I am here to reveal the terrifying biological cost of this animated spectacle on your optic-neural frequencies.

ALT: Nicole Richie & Paris Hilton: 'Loves it.'

Nature Biomedical Engineering, Published online: 02 November 2026; doi:10.1038/s41551-026-01822-4RetiME is a deep learning-based biomarker that maps retinal features to individual mortality risks and can reconstruct personalized lifespan trajectories associated with observed mortality outcomes with distinct disease-related mortality patterns.

Photovoltaic subretinal prostheses replace the lost photoreceptors in patients blinded by atrophic age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and provide central vision by electrically stimulating the inn...