HIGHLIGHTS. Freshwater Candidatus Brocadia achieved over 99% nitrite removal at 0.72 gN/L/d with high salinity (14.3 gNaCl/L) in SBR.Salinity was determine

South Florida Water Management District presenter Melanie Parker said flows into the estuary rose to 16,000 cubic feet per second after the storm and salinity fell below 3 at all three monitoring sites. She said prolonged low salinity could harm young oysters.

Plant biotechnologists are fine-tuning genetic pathways to develop a new generation of crops equipped to cope with the myriad pressures of climate change.

Phages, like their bacterial hosts, have evolved to proliferate across the full range of environments on Earth, but the specific amino acid residues that underlie their environmental adaptations remain elusive. Here, we developed a computational framework that uses structure-based multiple sequence alignments, a random forest classifier, and a phylogeny-aware regression model to find amino acid residues linked to specific environments. Applying this framework to public metagenomic data, we analyzed 1,110 Microviricetes major capsid proteins (MCPs) from the lake and ocean biomes, and found that ocean virus capsids were highly enriched in negatively charged residues on internal and external surfaces. This adaptation likely helps maintain solubility at high salt concentrations and stabilizes ssDNA-capsid interactions by sequestering positively charged ions inside the capsid. At intersubunit interfaces, ocean capsids showed enrichment of cation-π and π-π interactions, which are more resistant to solvation than salt bridges and hydrogen bonds. Amino acid residues in lake capsids were more often substituted by biochemically dissimilar amino acids in ocean capsids than the reverse. Together, these results show that microvirus capsids adapt to high-salt environments through changes in surface charge and substitutions affecting intersubunit interactions. Further, we describe a general approach for studying the adaptation and stability of any protein family under complementary environmental or phenotypic conditions. ### Competing Interest Statement The authors have declared no competing interest.

The Mediterranean Sea has long been known to warm much faster than the global ocean. Within it, the Adriatic Sea is a particularly sensitive basin – due to its small size, representing 5% of the area ...