A crystal that uses light to produce hydrogen from water could open a new route to cleaner, more affordable fuel. Hydrogen can power a fuel cell car, yet making that fuel from natural gas releases carbon dioxide before it ever reaches the tank. Water offers another source of hydrogen, but separating its hydrogen atoms from oxygen takes energy, and supplying that energy cleanly can make the fuel considerably more expensive. Oregon State University chemist Kyriakos Stylianou and his collaborators have developed a family of materials that use light to produce hydrogen from water rapidly and efficiently. Their work, published in the Journal of the American Chemical Society, centers on a porous crystalline material called BVR-19, whose response to light offers clues for designing better systems to turn sunshine into fuel. Green hydrogen’s steep price gap Running electricity through a catalyst already allows hydrogen to be extracted from water through a process called electrocatalysis. The catalyst speeds up the chemical reaction without undergoing a permanent chemical change itself, but the sustainability of this approach depends on using renewable electricity. Competing with hydrogen made from natural gas also requires that electricity to be inexpensive. Stylianou cited a substantial price gap: about $1.50...

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