As schools started up across the country I received the following email. “I live in Temecula, California, and am in the 5th grade. I am learning about the rainforest ecosystem. Our class already knows a lot, but I have three questions I would love for you to answer.” Q. Are orangutans about to be extinct? In class we watched a movie about the rainforest, and it talked about the orangutan population decreasing. If so, what would cause it? A. Unfortunately, like native wildlife in many countries where tropical rainforests occur, orangutan populations are declining. They are headed toward extinction in the wild unless humans can curtail some of the major threats they face. I asked Russell A. Mittermeier, chair of the Primate Specialist Group for the International Union for Conservation of Nature, for his perspective on the status of these intriguing primates. He deals with rainforests around the world. Russ is very familiar with orangutans. He says, “They are decreasing throughout their range, but most of the five different kinds (three species: two in Sumatra, and one with three subspecies on Borneo) are still hanging on. The most endangered is the recently described Tapanuli orangutan from Sumatra.” He notes that...

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As nations race to restore ecosystems and curb climate change, research has shown that letting nature do the work is a cost-effective and viable solution. A study from The University of Queensland and the University of Newcastle found natural forest regeneration delivered substantial carbon and biodiversity benefits and could be up to 96 per cent cheaper than traditional tree-planting programs. UQ School of Environment PhD candidate Jiaqi Li, said the team researched how the costs and benefits of natural regeneration varied across the tropics and created an interactive global map to explore the opportunities for forest regions. "Nature is a great gardener, sometimes we just need to get out of its way while providing a bit of support," Ms Li said. "For tree planting you need to purchase the seeds and hire workers or recruit volunteers to plant and manage them, which is costly. "For natural regeneration people just need to check the land for invasive species and remove them, check there is adequate seed sources, put up protection from fire, grazing animals, and humans and then it is mostly self-sufficient. "For many cases of natural regeneration, studies show that you can end up with a forest that could store...

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Scientists say positive tipping points could help save tropical rainforests by making forest protection affordable, attractive and accepted.

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Forest loss declined, driven largely by Brazil — but overall loss remains high as fires pose a rising threat, according to annual analysis from WRI’s Global Forest Watch. WASHINGTON, D.C. (29 April, 2026) — Tropical rainforest loss fell 36% in 2025 from the record high of 2024, according to new data from the University of Maryland’s GLAD Lab, available on World Resources Institute’s Global Forest Watch platform and Global Nature Watch. The findings suggest that strong policies and enforcement can curb forest loss. However, climate-driven fires are a dangerous new normal, threatening to reverse recent gains. In 2025, the world lost 4.3 million hectares (10.6 million acres) of tropical primary rainforest, an area roughly the size of Denmark. Despite the decline, loss remains 46% higher than a decade ago, with primary forests disappearing at a rate of 11 football (soccer) fields every minute. “A drop of this scale in a single year is encouraging — it shows what decisive government action can achieve,” said Elizabeth Goldman, Co-Director of Global Forest Watch, World Resources Institute. “But part of the decline reflects a lull after an extreme fire year. Fires and climate change are feeding off each other, and with El Niño...

The U.S. doesn’t produce enough vegetable oil to meet a new biofuels mandate, so suppliers will have to ramp up imports, putting pressure on tropical forests overseas, which may be cleared to grow oil crops. President Donald Trump stood on the Truman Balcony at the White House during the “Great American Agriculture Celebration” last week and announced what he called a “historic” boost to the nation’s farmers. The Environmental Protection Agency, Trump said, would require the highest-ever volume of crop-based biofuels to be blended into the nation’s gasoline supply, a move the administration promises will bring jobs and cashflow to an agriculture industry feeling the twin punches of the president’s tariffs and higher fertilizer prices linked to the war in Iran. Trump called himself a “true friend and champion” of the country’s farmers, a key political constituency that he is again actively and festively courting. But some analysts and researchers say the administration’s plan has a critical flaw: The U.S. doesn’t produce enough vegetable oil to satisfy the demands of the new blending targets. That means it will have to import more foreign vegetable oil, which will imperil climate-critical tropical forests thousands of miles away as they’re cleared to grow...

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Data were sampled in the context of the Research Unit ‘Reassembly’, studying a chronosequence of a rainforest ecosystem in the Chocó tropical rainforest (see ref. 47 for more details). Study area The study area is located in the reserves Canandé and Tesoro Escondido in the province of Esmeraldas in northwestern Ecuador (0.5° N, 79.2° W). Both reserves consist of a mosaic of actively used cacao and pasture plantations, secondary forest of varying age and primary forest. In this area, logging and agricultural land use started approximately five decades ago. Forests were logged for timber industry and subsequently mainly transformed into cacao plantations or pasture. Annual rainfall at the site is 4,700–6,000 mm. Mean temperature range 21–28 °C and relative humidity 90–100% (ref. 54). Chronosequence The study design represents a chronosequence approach that substitutes space for time, that is several forest plots at various successional stages were studied in a short time span instead of monitoring the same patch over a long time span. This approach assumes that the plots follow similar successional trajectories and had comparable starting points. Information about previous land use and environmental conditions for each site are important and need to be representative and unbiased across the...

Tropical forests are hot, steamy places. But when large numbers of trees are cut down, they get even hotter. Our recent research shows that clearing large areas of the rainforest exposes hundreds of millions of people to higher temperatures, increasing heat stress (when the body’s way of controlling temperature fails) and, in some cases, contributing to death. Research suggests that this could be contributing to 28,000 heat-related deaths each year across the tropics every year. Apart from the shade that the rainforest canopy provides, trees also cool their surroundings by pumping water from the soil into the atmosphere – a process known as evapotranspiration. Like sweat evaporating from our skin, this uses energy and cools the air. A single large tropical tree provides as much cooling as several air conditioners running continuously. Across the billions of trees in the Amazon or Congo, this “sweating” cools entire regions. People living in or near tropical forests recognise these cooling benefits. When villagers in rainforest regions in Kalimantan, Indonesia, were interviewed about the benefits tropical forests provide, the most common answer was their ability to keep local temperatures cool. Despite these benefits, tropical forests are being destroyed at an alarming rate. In 2024,...

This post was updated on December 8, 2020. Not everyone lives in a tropical rainforest — but everyone benefits from them. Home to nearly half of the plants and wildlife on Earth, tropical rainforests perform an essential function for the climate by absorbing carbon dioxide. Unfortunately, tropical forests are being cut down at an alarming rate across the globe, and releasing more than 1.5 billion tons of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere — equivalent to 15 percent of all human-induced carbon emissions. Multiple studies show that climate change is harming tropical forests. But there’s hope. With insight from climate experts, Conservation News explores how the climate crisis is hurting tropical forests — and how humanity can protect them. 1. Changing climate leads to forest degradation. Scientists say that deforestation in the Amazon is pushing this ecosystem to a tipping point at which the forest will gradually turn into dry savanna. Once sufficiently degraded, the forest will lose its ability to generate its own rainfall, thereby preventing the rainforest ecosystem from being able to exist at all. Instead of leafy forests teeming with wildlife, the Amazon would be a desolate expanse of shrublands. And after a series of devastating fires burned...

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Colombia will no longer approve new oil or large-scale mining projects in its Amazon biome, which covers 42% of the nation’s territory, according to a Nov. 13 statement by its environment ministry. Ac...