Some thoughts about S:A475V.
In the pandemic it was successful in two periods: in the FLIP era with XBB.1.5,XBB.1.9 and XBB.1.19 sublineages (JD.1.1 GK.3.1 KE.3 etc)
In the pandemic it was successful in two periods: in the FLIP era with XBB.1.5,XBB.1.9 and XBB.1.19 sublineages (JD.1.1 GK.3.1 KE.3 etc)
September 25, 2026 at 7:17 AM
Some thoughts about S:A475V.
In the pandemic it was successful in two periods: in the FLIP era with XBB.1.5,XBB.1.9 and XBB.1.19 sublineages (JD.1.1 GK.3.1 KE.3 etc)
In the pandemic it was successful in two periods: in the FLIP era with XBB.1.5,XBB.1.9 and XBB.1.19 sublineages (JD.1.1 GK.3.1 KE.3 etc)
Quick clarification, Kraken was specifically XBB.1.5, but the ancestors of Nimbus were XBB.1.9 and XBB.1.19. I should have worded it slightly differently as "close relatives of Kraken (i.e., descendants of XBB)".
May 27, 2025 at 7:52 PM
Quick clarification, Kraken was specifically XBB.1.5, but the ancestors of Nimbus were XBB.1.9 and XBB.1.19. I should have worded it slightly differently as "close relatives of Kraken (i.e., descendants of XBB)".
In the US, on the other hand, ∆ORF78 XBB clearly disproportionately infected kids. I looked at all XBB sequences for Nov & Dec 2023, and Jan 2024. The percentage of ages 0-17 in ∆ORF78 XBB was about 3-4x higher than in XBB sequences overall.
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7/
March 26, 2026 at 7:53 PM
In the US, on the other hand, ∆ORF78 XBB clearly disproportionately infected kids. I looked at all XBB sequences for Nov & Dec 2023, and Jan 2024. The percentage of ages 0-17 in ∆ORF78 XBB was about 3-4x higher than in XBB sequences overall.
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7/
Kenya is notable because from Oct 1, 2023, to Mar 1, 2024, XBB with ∆ORF78 dominated there:
• ∆ORF78 XBB: 145 seq
• ORF78 XBB: 32 seq
• BA.2.86: 88 seq
This is extremely unusual—totally unlike any other country we have data for.
5/
• ∆ORF78 XBB: 145 seq
• ORF78 XBB: 32 seq
• BA.2.86: 88 seq
This is extremely unusual—totally unlike any other country we have data for.
5/
March 26, 2026 at 7:53 PM
Kenya is notable because from Oct 1, 2023, to Mar 1, 2024, XBB with ∆ORF78 dominated there:
• ∆ORF78 XBB: 145 seq
• ORF78 XBB: 32 seq
• BA.2.86: 88 seq
This is extremely unusual—totally unlike any other country we have data for.
5/
• ∆ORF78 XBB: 145 seq
• ORF78 XBB: 32 seq
• BA.2.86: 88 seq
This is extremely unusual—totally unlike any other country we have data for.
5/
I did the same thing when I looked at the XBB + ∆ORF78 age distributions. It was plain that the late-XBB and BA.2.86* age distributions were the same. Only the XBB + ∆ORF78 infections were outliers.
bsky.app/profile/ryan...
bsky.app/profile/ryan...
In the US, on the other hand, ∆ORF78 XBB clearly disproportionately infected kids. I looked at all XBB sequences for Nov & Dec 2023, and Jan 2024. The percentage of ages 0-17 in ∆ORF78 XBB was about 3-4x higher than in XBB sequences overall.
7/
7/
April 5, 2026 at 6:19 PM
I did the same thing when I looked at the XBB + ∆ORF78 age distributions. It was plain that the late-XBB and BA.2.86* age distributions were the same. Only the XBB + ∆ORF78 infections were outliers.
bsky.app/profile/ryan...
bsky.app/profile/ryan...
XXX YCC XY XXX xbb BV bvb CNN in vssmsncsbnbsxsbs mm m y
April 2, 2026 at 4:31 PM
XXX YCC XY XXX xbb BV bvb CNN in vssmsncsbnbsxsbs mm m y
Robuste neutralisierende #SARSCoV2-Antikörper bleiben bis zu drei Monate nach dem XBB.1.5 mRNA-Impfstoff-Booster erhalten
Neue, positive Daten zum XBB.1.5-Booster. Untersucht wurden SARS-CoV-2-neutralisierende Antikörper in Neutralisationstests mit …
#COVID19 #ImpfenSchuetzt
Neue, positive Daten zum XBB.1.5-Booster. Untersucht wurden SARS-CoV-2-neutralisierende Antikörper in Neutralisationstests mit …
#COVID19 #ImpfenSchuetzt
February 20, 2024 at 11:35 PM
Robuste neutralisierende #SARSCoV2-Antikörper bleiben bis zu drei Monate nach dem XBB.1.5 mRNA-Impfstoff-Booster erhalten
Neue, positive Daten zum XBB.1.5-Booster. Untersucht wurden SARS-CoV-2-neutralisierende Antikörper in Neutralisationstests mit …
#COVID19 #ImpfenSchuetzt
Neue, positive Daten zum XBB.1.5-Booster. Untersucht wurden SARS-CoV-2-neutralisierende Antikörper in Neutralisationstests mit …
#COVID19 #ImpfenSchuetzt
Neuer COVID-19-Impfstoffkandidat aus Australien zeigt breite Wirksamkeit – auch gegen XBB.1.5 www.dmz-news.eu/2025/07/21/n...
Neuer COVID-19-Impfstoffkandidat aus Australien zeigt breite Wirksamkeit – auch gegen XBB.1.5
DMZ – FORSCHUNG ¦ Lena Wallner Sydney/Wien – Ein von Forschenden des Centenary Institute und der Universität Sydney entwickelter Impfstoffkandidat gegen COVID-19 zeigt in präklinischen Studien vielver...
www.dmz-news.eu
July 21, 2025 at 5:00 AM
Neuer COVID-19-Impfstoffkandidat aus Australien zeigt breite Wirksamkeit – auch gegen XBB.1.5 www.dmz-news.eu/2025/07/21/n...
Great news for most of the world, but a trigger warning for those in Australia & NZ who are still being offered the XBB vaccines.
November 23, 2024 at 11:39 PM
Great news for most of the world, but a trigger warning for those in Australia & NZ who are still being offered the XBB vaccines.
Study: The XBB.1.5 COVID-19 vaccine elicits a durable antibody response to ancestral and XBB.1.5 SARS-CoV-2 spike proteins.
Published: 3 Sep, 2025
www.science.org/doi/10.1126/...
Published: 3 Sep, 2025
www.science.org/doi/10.1126/...
The XBB.1.5 COVID-19 vaccine elicits a durable antibody response to ancestral and XBB.1.5 SARS-CoV-2 spike proteins
A longitudinal analysis after XBB.1.5 COVID-19 vaccination revealed durable neutralizing antibodies against ancestral and recent SARS-CoV-2 variants.
www.science.org
December 3, 2025 at 7:42 AM
Study: The XBB.1.5 COVID-19 vaccine elicits a durable antibody response to ancestral and XBB.1.5 SARS-CoV-2 spike proteins.
Published: 3 Sep, 2025
www.science.org/doi/10.1126/...
Published: 3 Sep, 2025
www.science.org/doi/10.1126/...
XBB.1.5 induzierte humorale Immunität gegen XBB.1.5 schwächer als die gegen die angestammten B.1.1. Im Falle des monovalenten mRNA-Impfstoffs JN.1 konnten wir jedoch zeigen, dass der 50 %ige Neutralisierungstiter gegen XBB.1.5 größer ist als der gegen … B.1.1. Diese Beobachtungen deuten darauf hin,
November 21, 2024 at 12:53 PM
XBB.1.5 induzierte humorale Immunität gegen XBB.1.5 schwächer als die gegen die angestammten B.1.1. Im Falle des monovalenten mRNA-Impfstoffs JN.1 konnten wir jedoch zeigen, dass der 50 %ige Neutralisierungstiter gegen XBB.1.5 größer ist als der gegen … B.1.1. Diese Beobachtungen deuten darauf hin,
Diese Studie gibt einen detaillierteren Einblick in die Unterschiede der Antikörperreaktion von Personen mit unterschiedlichen Expositionsgeschichten (Impfungen und Infektionen), die Informationen für die nächste Generation von #SARSCoV2 -Impfstoffen liefern könnten.
#COVID19 #ImpfenSchuetzt
#COVID19 #ImpfenSchuetzt
![Fig 1.
Generation and validation of XBB.1.5+ mutant and virus revertant panel.
(A) Amino acid mutations present in the RBD of immune evasive SARS-CoV-2 variants Delta, BA.1, XBB.1.5, BQ.1.1 and BA.2.75, and RBD mutations present in engineered XBB.1.5+. (B) Comparison of serum neutralization ID50s against D614G, XBB.1.5 and XBB.1.5+ pseudotyped virus. Sera are collected from individuals who had had 3 doses of BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine and a BTI (Kruskal-Wallis multiple comparison test, *P < 0.0332, **P < 0.0021, ***P < 0.0002, and ****P < 0.0001). Error bars indicate geometric mean (red) ± standard deviation (s.d.) (black). (C) Surface representation of the WT Spike RBD (pdb: 6XM0) with amino acids reverted back to WT indicated by coloured surface. Mutations shared in one revertant are coloured the same. A full list of mutations can be found in S2 Table. (D) Heatmap showing fold rescue of neutralisation for reverted viruses compared to XBB.1.5+ for a panel SARS-CoV-2 mAbs isolated from convalescent and/or vaccinated donors [2,3,23] as well as therapeutic mAbs Sotrovimab, REGN10933 and REGN10987. mAbs were previously clustered using a competition binding ELISA into three RBD-specific competition groups [2,3,23].](https://cdn.bsky.app/img/feed_thumbnail/plain/did:plc:zxxec4ic2lwsyf3vlaci7ub2/bafkreiftd5jajggt4ddhcclngazsoblf6k7vc3eyh5hlvhv43cmiuvjkrm)
November 19, 2024 at 2:10 PM
Diese Studie gibt einen detaillierteren Einblick in die Unterschiede der Antikörperreaktion von Personen mit unterschiedlichen Expositionsgeschichten (Impfungen und Infektionen), die Informationen für die nächste Generation von #SARSCoV2 -Impfstoffen liefern könnten.
#COVID19 #ImpfenSchuetzt
#COVID19 #ImpfenSchuetzt
Die letzte Variante, die einen Spitznamen erhielt, war BA.2.86 „Pirola“im August 2023. Nun erhält die Variante NB.1.8.1 den informellen Spitznamen "Nimbus". Nimbus ist eine Dreifach-Rekombination, die sowohl die Pirola (BA.2.86)- als auch die Kraken-Variante (XBB) als Vorfahren hat.
May 27, 2025 at 5:04 PM
Die letzte Variante, die einen Spitznamen erhielt, war BA.2.86 „Pirola“im August 2023. Nun erhält die Variante NB.1.8.1 den informellen Spitznamen "Nimbus". Nimbus ist eine Dreifach-Rekombination, die sowohl die Pirola (BA.2.86)- als auch die Kraken-Variante (XBB) als Vorfahren hat.
XBB endlich im Arm.
November 9, 2023 at 9:12 AM
XBB endlich im Arm.
∆ORF78 is rare but not unheard of; it was in several late XBB variants (GW.5.1.1, FW.1.1, GE.1.2, etc) & a few branches of other variants. I had thought these late XBB likely had an advantage in some population subsector, but I didn't suspect kids.
3/
3/
March 26, 2026 at 7:53 PM
∆ORF78 is rare but not unheard of; it was in several late XBB variants (GW.5.1.1, FW.1.1, GE.1.2, etc) & a few branches of other variants. I had thought these late XBB likely had an advantage in some population subsector, but I didn't suspect kids.
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The second longest lasting was the XBB clan. It emerged around August of 2022 and lasted until early 2024.
Again, here is the original RBD and the RBDs 17 months later.
3/
Again, here is the original RBD and the RBDs 17 months later.
3/
April 28, 2026 at 7:04 PM
The second longest lasting was the XBB clan. It emerged around August of 2022 and lasted until early 2024.
Again, here is the original RBD and the RBDs 17 months later.
3/
Again, here is the original RBD and the RBDs 17 months later.
3/
With the emergence of a novel variant (BA.3.2) that's so far seemed unable to acquire any mutations to dramatically improve its fitness—as BA.2.86 did w/S:L455S (becoming JN.1) & XBB.1 w/S:S486P (XBB.1.5)—it seems unwise to continue using molnupiravir. 11/end
December 24, 2025 at 10:03 PM
With the emergence of a novel variant (BA.3.2) that's so far seemed unable to acquire any mutations to dramatically improve its fitness—as BA.2.86 did w/S:L455S (becoming JN.1) & XBB.1 w/S:S486P (XBB.1.5)—it seems unwise to continue using molnupiravir. 11/end
Monovalente Impfung gegen XBB✔️
#GetVaccinated
#GetVaccinated
September 22, 2023 at 10:50 AM
Monovalente Impfung gegen XBB✔️
#GetVaccinated
#GetVaccinated
It's hard to find good data on the age distribution of ∆ORF78 XBB variants: close to half of XBB ∆ORF78 seqs are from the UK, which provides no info on ages. There are two countries that have enough age data to make a deent analysis: Kenya and the US.
4/
4/
March 26, 2026 at 7:53 PM
It's hard to find good data on the age distribution of ∆ORF78 XBB variants: close to half of XBB ∆ORF78 seqs are from the UK, which provides no info on ages. There are two countries that have enough age data to make a deent analysis: Kenya and the US.
4/
4/
As figure below shows, XBB.1.5 booster strongly (~20-fold) increases neutralization of XBB.1.5 & XBB-descended viruses
Boost mostly specific to newer variants, as increases smaller for older variants like D614G or BA.5.
Also, XBB.1.5 vaccine and XBB infection give similar boost.
Boost mostly specific to newer variants, as increases smaller for older variants like D614G or BA.5.
Also, XBB.1.5 vaccine and XBB infection give similar boost.
November 29, 2023 at 9:39 PM
As figure below shows, XBB.1.5 booster strongly (~20-fold) increases neutralization of XBB.1.5 & XBB-descended viruses
Boost mostly specific to newer variants, as increases smaller for older variants like D614G or BA.5.
Also, XBB.1.5 vaccine and XBB infection give similar boost.
Boost mostly specific to newer variants, as increases smaller for older variants like D614G or BA.5.
Also, XBB.1.5 vaccine and XBB infection give similar boost.
NB.1.8.1 (= XDV.1.5.1.1.8.1) zeigt bei mittlerweile weltweit 98 Sequenzen immer noch einen relativen wöchentlichen Wachstumsvorteil von 121 %. „Eine solche Anfangsgeschwindigkeit wurde bisher nur bei großen Wellenauslösern wie XBB.1.5, XBB.1.16, JN.1 und KP.3.1.1 beobachtet.“ (H/T @ Xu Zou)
April 14, 2025 at 3:23 PM
NB.1.8.1 (= XDV.1.5.1.1.8.1) zeigt bei mittlerweile weltweit 98 Sequenzen immer noch einen relativen wöchentlichen Wachstumsvorteil von 121 %. „Eine solche Anfangsgeschwindigkeit wurde bisher nur bei großen Wellenauslösern wie XBB.1.5, XBB.1.16, JN.1 und KP.3.1.1 beobachtet.“ (H/T @ Xu Zou)
Just heard from reliable source that Chemist Warehouse advised that the govt told them to give as much XBB as poss to ⬇️ their stocks 😳
So if you don’t specifically demand JN1, you’re likely to get XBB
Wtaf 🤬
Penny pinching at cost of protection
XBB (& Butler) should be binned
So if you don’t specifically demand JN1, you’re likely to get XBB
Wtaf 🤬
Penny pinching at cost of protection
XBB (& Butler) should be binned
December 13, 2024 at 5:35 AM
Just heard from reliable source that Chemist Warehouse advised that the govt told them to give as much XBB as poss to ⬇️ their stocks 😳
So if you don’t specifically demand JN1, you’re likely to get XBB
Wtaf 🤬
Penny pinching at cost of protection
XBB (& Butler) should be binned
So if you don’t specifically demand JN1, you’re likely to get XBB
Wtaf 🤬
Penny pinching at cost of protection
XBB (& Butler) should be binned
PSA🚨
PLEASE check yr JN.1 Cvd vaccine vial yrself BEFORE it’s administered
Don’t trust provider who says it’s updated one, just heard of a provider lying, pretending XBB was JN.1 w- someone who knew to ask 😡
Chemist eventually admitted to using up XBB b4 using JN.1 🤦♀️
Can’t believe they lied 🤯
PLEASE check yr JN.1 Cvd vaccine vial yrself BEFORE it’s administered
Don’t trust provider who says it’s updated one, just heard of a provider lying, pretending XBB was JN.1 w- someone who knew to ask 😡
Chemist eventually admitted to using up XBB b4 using JN.1 🤦♀️
Can’t believe they lied 🤯
December 9, 2024 at 5:25 AM
PSA🚨
PLEASE check yr JN.1 Cvd vaccine vial yrself BEFORE it’s administered
Don’t trust provider who says it’s updated one, just heard of a provider lying, pretending XBB was JN.1 w- someone who knew to ask 😡
Chemist eventually admitted to using up XBB b4 using JN.1 🤦♀️
Can’t believe they lied 🤯
PLEASE check yr JN.1 Cvd vaccine vial yrself BEFORE it’s administered
Don’t trust provider who says it’s updated one, just heard of a provider lying, pretending XBB was JN.1 w- someone who knew to ask 😡
Chemist eventually admitted to using up XBB b4 using JN.1 🤦♀️
Can’t believe they lied 🤯
Zur Info - Wenn ihr nicht XBB infiziert wart kann es sein dass ihr eine 2te Dosis des monovalenten XBB Impfstoffes benötigt um eine langfristige Immunität auszulösen
Siehe unten
www.thelancet.com/journals/lan...
Siehe unten
www.thelancet.com/journals/lan...
Antiviral humoral immunity against SARS-CoV-2 omicron subvariants induced by XBB.1.5 monovalent vacc...
To control infection with SARS-CoV-2 omicron XBB subvariants, the XBB.1.5 monovalent
mRNA vaccine has been available since September, 2023. However, we have found that
natural infection with XBB subva...
www.thelancet.com
January 9, 2024 at 12:01 PM
Zur Info - Wenn ihr nicht XBB infiziert wart kann es sein dass ihr eine 2te Dosis des monovalenten XBB Impfstoffes benötigt um eine langfristige Immunität auszulösen
Siehe unten
www.thelancet.com/journals/lan...
Siehe unten
www.thelancet.com/journals/lan...
Humorale und zelluläre Immunantworten nach BioNTech XBB.1.5-Impfung
Der neue, aktualisierte BNT162b2 XBB.1.5-Impfstoff steigerte die Anti-Spike (Anti-S) IgG-Antikörper bei allen Geimpften stark und löste starke neutralisierende Reaktionen gegen …
#COVID19 #ImpfenSchuetzt
Der neue, aktualisierte BNT162b2 XBB.1.5-Impfstoff steigerte die Anti-Spike (Anti-S) IgG-Antikörper bei allen Geimpften stark und löste starke neutralisierende Reaktionen gegen …
#COVID19 #ImpfenSchuetzt
November 21, 2023 at 1:28 PM
Humorale und zelluläre Immunantworten nach BioNTech XBB.1.5-Impfung
Der neue, aktualisierte BNT162b2 XBB.1.5-Impfstoff steigerte die Anti-Spike (Anti-S) IgG-Antikörper bei allen Geimpften stark und löste starke neutralisierende Reaktionen gegen …
#COVID19 #ImpfenSchuetzt
Der neue, aktualisierte BNT162b2 XBB.1.5-Impfstoff steigerte die Anti-Spike (Anti-S) IgG-Antikörper bei allen Geimpften stark und löste starke neutralisierende Reaktionen gegen …
#COVID19 #ImpfenSchuetzt