Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is highly prevalent and associated with comorbidities in people with HIV-1 (PWH). CMV contributes to systemic inflammation, but comprehensive analyses of the plasma proteome in PWH with or without CMV are lacking.MethodsPlasma proteomes from 59 age- and CD4 count-matched PWH on suppressive antiretroviral therapy (ART) with (CMV+) or without (CMV-) CMV were characterized by inflammation- and cardiometabolic-focused proteomics proximity extension assays. Normalized protein expression values were analyzed using linear mixed effects models, partial least squares-discriminant analysis, and gene set enrichment analysis. T cell phenotypes were assessed by flow cytometry.ResultsIn covariate-unadjusted linear mixed effects models, 118/350 (33.7%) inflammatory and 27/363 (7.4%) cardiometabolic proteins were differentially expressed (FDR-adjusted p<0.05). Proteins most significantly upregulated in CMV+ participants were associated with immune inhibition (e.g., FcRL6, LY9, HLA-DRA), cytotoxic differentiation (e.g., KLRD1, CD70, SLAMF7), and interferon-associated chemotaxis (e.g., CXCL9, CXCL10). Several of the most significantly downregulated proteins in CMV+ PWH were associated with apoptosis (e.g., CASP2, TRIM21, TRAF2). Surface FcRL6 expression was significantly elevated on CD57+CD28- CD8 T cells of CMV+ PWH.ConclusionsThese data identify a CMV-associated plasma proteomic signature in treated HIV, characterized by immunoinhibitory/cytotoxic programs, supporting targeting CMV to reduce immune dysregulation and related comorbidities in PWH.

Read the full paper: Cytomegalovirus-encoded immediate early 1 protein perturbs neural progenitor proliferation via interfering with host PML–DISC1 interaction

Author summary Herpesviruses are a diverse family of pathogens that drive human disease. At the end of their life cycle, all herpesviruses must actively package their genomes into newly formed capsids. Although some aspects of packaging are conserved with tailed bacteriophages, herpesviruses require an additional packaging accessory factor of unknown function. Here, we present two high-resolution structures of the packaging accessory factor from herpes simplex virus and human cytomegalovirus and identify pentameric symmetry as a unifying structural feature. We propose that the packaging accessory factor oligomerizes to concentrate positively charges in a central channel critical for packaging progression.

This cohort study investigates the association of congenital TORCH (toxoplasmosis, syphilis, rubella, cytomegalovirus, or herpes simplex) infections with neurodevelopmental and psychiatric outcomes.

🎉 At the Jack Jack Foundation, we are dedicated to empowering children affected by hearing loss due to congenital cytomegalovirus (CMV). We strive to provide…

This cohort study investigates the association of congenital TORCH (toxoplasmosis, syphilis, rubella, cytomegalovirus, or herpes simplex) infections with neurodevelopmental and psychiatric outcomes.

Selon une nouvelle étude, les enfants nés avec des infections comme la syphilis, la rubéole ou le cytomégalovirus sont bien plus souvent diagnostiqués autistes et porteurs de déficience intellectuelle.

This cohort study investigates the association of congenital TORCH (toxoplasmosis, syphilis, rubella, cytomegalovirus, or herpes simplex) infections with neurodevelopmental and psychiatric outcomes.

The majority of people infected with SARS-CoV-2 are asymptomatic or have mild to moderate symptoms. However, for unknown reasons, about 15 % have severe pneumonia requiring hospital care and oxygen su...

The clinical progression and outcomes of two major herpesvirus retinitis forms are associated with patients' immune status, reveal Institute of Science Tokyo scientists. They evaluated the clinical symptoms at presentation, retinal detachment (RD) patterns, treatment strategies, and clinical outcomes of acute retinal necrosis (ARN) and cytomegalovirus retinitis (CMVR). They found that ARN was strongly associated with RD whereas CMVR followed an indolent course. These findings may help in early diagnosis and management of viral retinitis. Herpesviruses are a family of DNA viruses that cause a range of infections in human and animals. Their unique character is that they can remain dormant in the body for prolonged periods and reactivation may lead to conditions such as keratitis, uveitis, or viral retinitis. Herpesvirus retinitis or necrotizing retinitis is an eye infection causing significant visual impairment, characterized by retinal tissue destruction and vascular inflammation. It often leads to a complication called retinal detachment or RD that significantly affects the disease prognosis and treatment options. Two major clinical forms of necrotizing viral retinitis are acute retinal necrosis (ARN), typically affecting immunocompetent individuals, and cytomegalovirus retinitis (CMVR), common in immunocompromised patients. Accurate differentiation between these phenotypes at presentation is essential for optimizing treatments and visual...

Testing all infants in the neonatal ICU for congenital cytomegalovirus could catch twice as many cases as targeted screening of infants who fail their newborn hearing test, according to the results of...

AbstractCongenital cytomegalovirus (cCMV) infection is a leading cause of childhood deafness and disability worldwide. However, less is known about its epidemiology in low-income regions where most women are CMV-seropositive at conception. We found that cCMV is highly prevalent in rural Uganda (3.73%) and is associated with lower gravidity and placental malaria. We additionally report a high transmission intensity in the first years of life, with 97.3% of children acquiring CMV IgG by age 3.

COVID-19 can reactivate dormant viruses hiding in the body, including Epstein-Barr, cytomegalovirus, and several herpes viruses. One poorly understood viral family was strongly associated with long CO...

This cohort study investigates the association of congenital TORCH (toxoplasmosis, syphilis, rubella, cytomegalovirus, or herpes simplex) infections with neurodevelopmental and psychiatric outcomes.

The Cytomegalovirus ELISA Kits Market is expected to grow from 1,300 USD Million in 2025 to 2,500 USD Million by 2035. The Cytomegalovirus ELISA Kits Market CAGR (growth rate) is expected to be around...