by Nazia Thakur, Joseph Newman, Dongchun Ni, Jeffrey Seow, Abigail L. Hay, Yeonjae Lee, Ayush Upadhyay, Babatunde E. Ekundayo, John A. Hammond, Thomas P. Peacock, Kelvin Lau, Katie J. Doores, Dalan Bailey Sarbecoviruses interact with their receptor, angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), via the receptor-binding domain (RBD) of Spike, the immunodominant target for neutralising antibodies. Understanding the interplay and correlation between ACE2-determined host range and antigenicity is vitally important for understanding the zoonotic potential of related bat sarbecoviruses. Using binding assays, pseudotype-entry assays and a diverse panel of mammalian ACE2 proteins, we examined the host range and related antigenicity of multiple bat coronaviruses. Broad bat ACE2 usage (a generalist phenotype) was most common in clade 1 sarbecoviruses, including SARS-CoV-2 and the BANAL isolates from Laos. In contrast, clade 3 (e.g., RhGB07) and 5 (e.g., Rc-o319) sarbecoviruses exhibited more restricted ACE2 usage (a specialist phenotype). A novel structure for RhGB07 Spike further helped to identify RBD residues associated with this receptor specialism. Interestingly, the generalist phenotypes were largely maintained with more diverse mammalian receptor libraries, including human, non-human primate, livestock, rodent ACE2 and potential intermediate reservoir hosts (e.g., civet, racoon dog, pangolin), while specialists, like RhGB07, exhibited wider phenotypic diversity. The impact of SARS-CoV-2’s continued evolution in humans was also examined, identifying an expanding and/or shifting pattern of generalism for variants, especially Omicron and its sub-lineages. Furthermore, we compared and correlated these entry phenotypes with antigenicity using sera from SARS-CoV-2 convalescent individuals. Clade 1 viruses, phylogenetically related to SARS-CoV-2, were antigenically the most similar, with robust evidence for cross-neutralisation; however, there was still evidence for limited cross-neutralisation across the entire sub-genus. Finally, using monoclonal antibodies, derived from COVID-19 vaccinees with breakthrough infections, we pin-pointed the antibody epitope classes responsible for wider neutralisation. Our research indicates that generalist ACE2-using sarbecoviruses are phylogenetically and antigenically related to SARS-CoV-2.

by Nazia Thakur, Joseph Newman, Dongchun Ni, Jeffrey Seow, Abigail L. Hay, Yeonjae Lee, Ayush Upadhyay, Babatunde E. Ekundayo, John A. Hammond, Thomas P. Peacock, Kelvin Lau, Katie J. Doores, Dalan Bailey Sarbecoviruses interact with their receptor, angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), via the receptor-binding domain (RBD) of Spike, the immunodominant target for neutralising antibodies. Understanding the interplay and correlation between ACE2-determined host range and antigenicity is vitally important for understanding the zoonotic potential of related bat sarbecoviruses. Using binding assays, pseudotype-entry assays and a diverse panel of mammalian ACE2 proteins, we examined the host range and related antigenicity of multiple bat coronaviruses. Broad bat ACE2 usage (a generalist phenotype) was most common in clade 1 sarbecoviruses, including SARS-CoV-2 and the BANAL isolates from Laos. In contrast, clade 3 (e.g., RhGB07) and 5 (e.g., Rc-o319) sarbecoviruses exhibited more restricted ACE2 usage (a specialist phenotype). A novel structure for RhGB07 Spike further helped to identify RBD residues associated with this receptor specialism. Interestingly, the generalist phenotypes were largely maintained with more diverse mammalian receptor libraries, including human, non-human primate, livestock, rodent ACE2 and potential intermediate reservoir hosts (e.g., civet, racoon dog, pangolin), while specialists, like RhGB07, exhibited wider phenotypic diversity. The impact of SARS-CoV-2’s continued evolution in humans was also examined, identifying an expanding and/or shifting pattern of generalism for variants, especially Omicron and its sub-lineages. Furthermore, we compared and correlated these entry phenotypes with antigenicity using sera from SARS-CoV-2 convalescent individuals. Clade 1 viruses, phylogenetically related to SARS-CoV-2, were antigenically the most similar, with robust evidence for cross-neutralisation; however, there was still evidence for limited cross-neutralisation across the entire sub-genus. Finally, using monoclonal antibodies, derived from COVID-19 vaccinees with breakthrough infections, we pin-pointed the antibody epitope classes responsible for wider neutralisation. Our research indicates that generalist ACE2-using sarbecoviruses are phylogenetically and antigenically related to SARS-CoV-2.

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Yaz tatilinde dijital dünyaya dalan çocukların okul düzenine uyum sağlaması için ani yasaklar yerine kademeli geçiş stratejisi öneriliyor.

VascaínoManauara @LeandroPinto22 Vai Pitbull em raivado MC dalan Vai Pitbull em raivado MC dalan pic.twitter.com/L1n1YyR4Sa— VascaínoManauara (@LeandroPinto22) September 15, 2026 Fonte: X VascaínoManauara

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Gubernur DKI Jakarta Pramono Anung mengkaji serius Car Free Day (CFD) bisa digelar pada hari Sabtu dan Minggu. Hari Bebas Kendaraan Bermotor (HBKB) dua kali dalan sepekan itu merupakan usulan Kementerian Lingkungan Hidup (LH).

ALT: Bored Ape: This is Fine Meme

Captain America: Brave New World Rating Director Julius Onah Screenplay Rob Edwards, Malcolm Spellman, Dalan Musson, Julius Onah, Peter Glanz Length 1h 58m Starring Anthony Mackie, Harrison Ford, Danny Ramirez, Shira Haas, Carl Lumbly, Tim Blake Nelson, Giancarlo Esposito, Liv Tyler, Xosha Roquemore, Jóhannes Haukur Jóhannesson, William Mark McCullough MPAA Rating PG-13 Original Preview Click Here Review There are few things more American than Captain America, a Nazi-punching, government-leery everyman who chooses to protect all Americans rather than the elite.