🔬 pseudoendodermal sinus-like
🎨 OCT4
📑 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29129333/
🏥 history of epididymo-orchitis; enlarged testicle with a heterogeneous mass-like area (increasing in size), serum tumor markers not known
🔬 pseudoendodermal sinus-like
🎨 OCT4
📑 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29129333/
🏥 history of epididymo-orchitis; enlarged testicle with a heterogeneous mass-like area (increasing in size), serum tumor markers not known
🎨 IHC profile similar to conventional urothelial carcinoma (GATA3, p63)
⚠️ distinguish from metastatic CCRCC and clear cell adenocarcinoma
🎨 IHC profile similar to conventional urothelial carcinoma (GATA3, p63)
⚠️ distinguish from metastatic CCRCC and clear cell adenocarcinoma
🔬discohesive single tumor cells, eccentrically placed nuclei, eosinophilic cytoplasm
💥high grade, poor prognosis
🙅🏻♀️do not use CD138 in isolation to distinguish from plasma cells
🔬discohesive single tumor cells, eccentrically placed nuclei, eosinophilic cytoplasm
💥high grade, poor prognosis
🙅🏻♀️do not use CD138 in isolation to distinguish from plasma cells
🔬 Diverse patterns: myxoid, fascicular, hyalinized
🎨 ALK IHC (diffuse cytoplasmic) in 40-60%
🧬 50-60% ALK fusions (EML4, TPM3/4, CARS, RANBP2, IGFBP5…)
🔬 Diverse patterns: myxoid, fascicular, hyalinized
🎨 ALK IHC (diffuse cytoplasmic) in 40-60%
🧬 50-60% ALK fusions (EML4, TPM3/4, CARS, RANBP2, IGFBP5…)
#gupath #dermpath #pathsky #pathoutpic
🔬intradermal nodules varying in size and number, foreign body giant cell reaction in surrounding tissue
📊 differentials include calcification of epidermal or pilar cyst
🤔 idiopathic or dystrophic
#gupath #dermpath #pathsky #pathoutpic
🔬intradermal nodules varying in size and number, foreign body giant cell reaction in surrounding tissue
📊 differentials include calcification of epidermal or pilar cyst
🤔 idiopathic or dystrophic
⚠️ sarcomatoid component may overrun the epithelial component, extensive sampling may be needed to identify recognizable carcinoma
⚠️ sarcomatoid component may overrun the epithelial component, extensive sampling may be needed to identify recognizable carcinoma
☝🏼distinguish from retraction artifact
✅ multiple small nests floating within single lacunae
✅ back-to-back lacunae
✅ presence of ring formations
☝🏼distinguish from retraction artifact
✅ multiple small nests floating within single lacunae
✅ back-to-back lacunae
✅ presence of ring formations
🔬 polygonal cells with granular cytoplasm in Zellballen pattern
🎨 SYN/CG/often GATA3 (pitfall)
🧬assoc with germline SDH mutation
🤔confused with urothelial ca, granular cell tumor, melanoma
🔬 polygonal cells with granular cytoplasm in Zellballen pattern
🎨 SYN/CG/often GATA3 (pitfall)
🧬assoc with germline SDH mutation
🤔confused with urothelial ca, granular cell tumor, melanoma
#gupath #pathsky #pathoutpic
🩸 young pts with sickle cell trait
🔬 cribriform, reticular, nested growth
🎨 PAX8, broad spectrum CKs, CEA, p53
⚠️ OCT3/4 ➕ (50%), pitfall with GCT
🔑 SMARCB1 / INI1 inactivation
#gupath #pathsky #pathoutpic
🩸 young pts with sickle cell trait
🔬 cribriform, reticular, nested growth
🎨 PAX8, broad spectrum CKs, CEA, p53
⚠️ OCT3/4 ➕ (50%), pitfall with GCT
🔑 SMARCB1 / INI1 inactivation
🏥 h/o testicular mixed germ cell tumor (teratoma, choriocarcinoma, seminoma) s/p chemotherapy and RPLND with growing mediastinal mass and increasing HCG
🏥 h/o testicular mixed germ cell tumor (teratoma, choriocarcinoma, seminoma) s/p chemotherapy and RPLND with growing mediastinal mass and increasing HCG
#gupath #pathsky #pathoutpic
🔬 small tumor cell clusters without fibrovascular cores, floating in lacunar spaces
⚠️ may resemble vascular invasion
#gupath #pathsky #pathoutpic
🔬 small tumor cell clusters without fibrovascular cores, floating in lacunar spaces
⚠️ may resemble vascular invasion
☝🏼 identifiable urothelial component (may only be carcinoma in situ)
✌🏼 recommended to report percentage of squamous component
☝🏼 identifiable urothelial component (may only be carcinoma in situ)
✌🏼 recommended to report percentage of squamous component
🕵🏻♀️ usually asymptomatic, incidentally found, clinically indolent
🔬 thin papillary/tubulopapillary growth, apically located, low grade nuclei
🎨 CK7, GATA3, L1CAM
🧬 KRAS mutation
🕵🏻♀️ usually asymptomatic, incidentally found, clinically indolent
🔬 thin papillary/tubulopapillary growth, apically located, low grade nuclei
🎨 CK7, GATA3, L1CAM
🧬 KRAS mutation
🔬solid, tubulocystic, and papillary growth patterns; hobnail cells with eosinophilic or clear cytoplasm
➕ CK7, PAX8, HNF1β, p53, Napsin
➖ GATA3, p63, ER, PR, WT1
🔬solid, tubulocystic, and papillary growth patterns; hobnail cells with eosinophilic or clear cytoplasm
➕ CK7, PAX8, HNF1β, p53, Napsin
➖ GATA3, p63, ER, PR, WT1
🔬 large eccentric nuclei with prominent nucleoli, abundant eosinophilic cytoplasm, globular eosinophilic intracytoplasmic inclusions
🔬 large eccentric nuclei with prominent nucleoli, abundant eosinophilic cytoplasm, globular eosinophilic intracytoplasmic inclusions
🏥 prior urothelial injury (surgery, calculi, trauma)
sites: bladder > urethra > ureter
🔬 metaplastic lesion, multiple morphological patterns
🎨 PAX8, AMACR, GATA3 (40%), PSA (weak) (+)
⚠️ exclude prostate & bladder ca
🏥 prior urothelial injury (surgery, calculi, trauma)
sites: bladder > urethra > ureter
🔬 metaplastic lesion, multiple morphological patterns
🎨 PAX8, AMACR, GATA3 (40%), PSA (weak) (+)
⚠️ exclude prostate & bladder ca
🔬 moderately cellular with loose, myxoid stroma
✨focal areas of diffuse anaplasia, atypical mitotic figures
🎨 MyoD1, myogenin, desmin
🧬 FOXO1 gene rearrangement negative
🔬 moderately cellular with loose, myxoid stroma
✨focal areas of diffuse anaplasia, atypical mitotic figures
🎨 MyoD1, myogenin, desmin
🧬 FOXO1 gene rearrangement negative