This study provides evidence for a key role of TNFR1, as expressed by malignant cells, in orchestrating a pro-tumor immunosuppressive environment through s

Liu et al. show that soy fiber enhances colonization resistance against Salmonella Enteritidis by enriching Akkermansia and its metabolite harmaline. Harmaline suppresses bacterial virulence and limit...

A signal that can help breast cancer cells grow may also increase immune responses and boost immune therapy.

Martini, Hofmann, et al. identify C. albicans-specific Th17 cells targeting fungal EV proteins that predominantly reside in the human oral mucosa at homeostasis. However, these oral-residing cells exhibit TCR overlap with gut Th17 cells. During intestinal inflammation, C. albicans-specific Th17 cells retain their antigen specificity but acquire pathogenic traits, highlighting how oral immunity impacts intestinal disease.

Granucci and colleagues identify microbial adhesion to myeloid cells as a critical initiating event that precedes engagement of pattern recognition receptors.

Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) feature a branched chromatin architecture whose origin and function remain unknown. We found that NET branching is mediated by RAD51, a protein generating DNA jun...

Mechanisms governing T cell responses to food or microbes have been characterized; however, whether they also regulate gut autoimmunity is unknown. Zhou et al. uncover that self-antigens depend on distinct subsets of antigen-presenting cells compared with dietary antigens for tolerogenic and effector T cell responses. This translates into antigen-source dependent disease susceptibility.

The complement system is an evolutionarily conserved arm of innate immunity, which forms one of the first lines of host response to pathogens and assists in the clearance of debris. A deficiency in ke...