Foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) and classical swine fever virus (CSFV) are highly infectious to livestock, and novel mitigation strategies are required. Establishment of FMDV- and CSFV-resistant a...

CSF remains a major threat to the global swine industry. Recently, a moderately virulent subgenotype CSFV 2.1c strain was isolated and reported in China. Given that the mRNA platform enables rapid vaccine development to address emerging pathogens, we constructed three nucleoside-modified mRNA-LNP vaccines expressing engineered E2 glycoproteins of CSFV, including E2-mRNA-LNP, XCL1-E2-mRNA-LNP (targeting dendritic cells), and Ub-E2-mRNA-LNP (enhancing proteasomal degradation). Evaluated in rabbits, XCL1-E2- and Ub-E2-mRNA-LNPs conferred strong protection against CSFV C-strain challenge, with no fever or detectable virus in tissues. Both induced stronger antibody responses than E2-mRNA-LNP. Notably, Ub-E2-mRNA-LNP provided complete protection in piglets, superior to the E2-based subunit vaccine, E2-mRNA-LNP, or XCL1-E2-mRNA-LNP groups and eliciting robust humoral and cellular immunity. These results highlight Ub-E2-mRNA-LNP as a highly promising candidate for an effective CSF vaccine.

Información para veterinarios: Desarrollo de una RT-PCR digital de triple cristal para la detección de PHEV, PRV y CSFV

Classical swine fever virus (CSFV) remains a major threat to global swine health, yet the host factors that the virus exploits to support virus infection and proliferation are not fully understood. He...

A monthly journal publishing high-quality, peer-reviewed research on all topics related to RNA and its metabolism in all organisms

CSFV, Commission sur les soins de fin de vie

Unionsfraktionschef Jens Spahn warnt vor einer Verschlechterung des Verhältnisses zu den USA. In einem Punkt gibt er Donald Trump recht.

Le cinquième rapport annuel sur l’aide médicale à mourir (AMM) au Canada présente un résumé des demandes, des évaluations et des cas d’AMM pour l’année civile 2024.

Author summary Flaviviridae viruses—including JEV, CSFV, and HCV—deploy intricate molecular strategies to subvert host innate immune surveillance and establish chronic infections, representing signifi...

This study using CSFV reveals how enveloped RNA viruses fully exploit autophagy for replication. The virus coopts the COPS2 protein to first enter autophagosomes and then accelerate their fusion with lysosomes, enabling non-lytic viral release through autolysosomal exocytosis and revealing a potential antiviral target.

The fusion of the viral membrane and genome release are hallmark events of enveloped virus infections. However, the related dynamic mechanisms of most viruses remain poorly understood. Here, we demonstrate that VCP directly interacts with the CSFV core protein, and the core protein undergoes proteasomal degradation mediated by the PSMD2 and PSMB2 subunits, with VCP acting as a critical mediator. Surprisingly, this degradation process is independent of ubiquitination but exhibits a strong correlation with the SUMOylation of the nucleocapsid protein. In addition, we found that CSFV genome uncoating occurred in late endosomes, a process regulated by the host VCP. Depletion of VCP prevents viral trafficking to late endosomes and thereby disrupts uncoating efficiency. This is the first evidence implicating SUMOylation in viral uncoating. Deciphering the molecular intricacies governing viral uncoating is pivotal for propelling the development of broad-spectrum antiviral therapeutics aimed at the Pestivirus genus.

CSFV remains a major pathogen of global concern, causing severe disease in swine and incurring substantial economic losses in the pig industry. The absence of effective antiviral agents underscores the pressing need for host-targeted therapeutic strategies. In this study, we identified Vps34-IN-1, a selective inhibitor of VPS34, as a potent suppressor of CSFV replication in a dose-dependent manner. Remarkably, Vps34-IN-1 also exhibits potent inhibitory activity against other economically important swine viruses, including BVDV, PRV, and PEDV, demonstrating its potential as a broad-spectrum antiviral agent. Knockdown experiments further validated VPS34 as an essential host factor required for CSFV propagation. Mechanistically, the viral p7 protein engages in a specific interaction with UVRAG, a pivotal constituent of the VPS34 complex II, thereby potentially augmenting VPS34-UVRAG complex assembly and facilitating autophagosome-lysosome fusion. These findings delineate VPS34 as a compelling host-oriented antiviral target and open new therapeutic avenues for the control of CSF and other economically significant swine viral diseases.

Classical swine fever, caused by the classical swine fever virus (CSFV) from the Flaviviridae family, is highly contagious. Exosomes, extracellular vesicles that transfer membrane components and nucle...

YouTube video by Rugby World Cup

YouTube video by Rugby World Cup

Fa uns mesos es publicava una notícia a diferents mitjans sobre l’ampliació dels laboratoris de Bioseguretat i biocontenció de l'IRTA-CReSA. Quan treballem

Despite intensive eradication efforts, classical swine fever (CSF) remains endemic across South America, Europe, Asia, and the Caribbean, highlighting the need for more effective surveillance and detection methods. Reverse-transcription real-time polymerase chain reaction (RRT-PCR) is the fastest, and most sensitive assay for detecting CSF virus (CSFV) genomic material. Previously, we demonstrated that spleen swabs outperformed spleen homogenates for the detection of ASFV genomic material by RRT-PCR. In this study, we compared CSFV genome detection in paired spleen homogenates and spleen swabs generated using 49 frozen and 33 fresh spleen samples collected from experimentally inoculated pigs with acute infection. The results show that the CSFV genome detection in spleen swabs is comparable to that in spleen homogenates. The study also demonstrated that the CSFV genomic material can be detected in spleen swabs during early CSFV infections, and the viruses can be successfully isolated from the swabs. The use of spleen swabs instead of spleen tissue homogenates for CSF detection will reduce labor, decrease costs associated with reporting, and increase the diagnostic throughput.