Objectives. To specify symptoms and measure prevalence of psychological distress among incarcerated people in long-term solitary confinement. Methods. We gathered data via semistructured, in-depth int...

Purpose: This study used a semistructured open interview approach to gather information from school-based speech-language pathologists (SLPs) reg...

Semistructured interviews and focus groups with experts in biodiversity finance in Europe identify opportunities and barriers to upscaling private investment in biodiversity, and emphasize that public...

Asking Questions: Techniques for Semistructured Interviews - Volume 35 Issue 4

Climate change hazards, including increased temperatures, drought, sea level rise, extreme precipitation, wildfires, and changes in freeze–thaw cycles, are expected to degrade drinking water utility system infrastructure and decrease the reliability of water provision. To assess how drinking water utility manager perceptions of these risks affect utility planning, 60 semistructured interviews were conducted with utilities of various sizes, source water supplies, and United States geographical regions. This study analyzes these interviews (1) to evaluate which climate hazards are of primary concern to drinking water managers, (2) to develop a mental model framework for assessing utility-level understanding of climate change risks to system reliability, and (3) to examine the status of current water utility adaptation planning. The results show that concern and awareness of climate hazard risks vary geographically and are grounded in historical exposure; some participants do not believe climate change will influence their system’s overall reliability. When considering climate change risks, utility managers tend to focus on effects to water supply and infrastructure, as opposed to changes in operations and maintenance, water quality, or business functions. Most surveyed utilities do not have comprehensive climate adaptation plans despite federal and professional recommendations. The range of beliefs and actions concerning climate adaptation planning indicates that utilities need directed guidance, and policymakers should consider including climate hazards and projections as part of required utility risk and resilience assessments.

Background: Electronic health records are a central component of digital health strategies worldwide. Early implementation phases are particularly critical for shaping long-term adoption patterns but remain insufficiently studied, especially in large-scale, policy-driven rollouts. In January 2025, Germany introduced the electronic patient record (, ePA) as a nationwide opt-out system, creating a unique opportunity to examine early implementation in routine outpatient care. Objective: This study aimed to explore facilitators and barriers influencing the early implementation of the ePA in German outpatient practices from the perspective of health care professionals. Methods: A qualitative study based on semistructured interviews with general practitioners, medical assistants, and physician assistants was conducted between August and December 2025. Participants were recruited nationwide through regional physician associations and a professional organization using a criterion-based purposive recruitment strategy with maximum variation elements. Interviews were analyzed using qualitative content analysis guided by the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research. Coding combined deductive framework-based and inductive thematic approaches. Results: A total of 49 interviews were conducted. Facilitators and barriers were identified across all 5 Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research domains, with the largest number of categories in the inner setting. Organizational factors such as leadership engagement, internal communication structures, and learning climate were central facilitators of implementation. In contrast, barriers were primarily related to technical instability, heterogeneous functionality of practice management systems, limited interoperability across care sectors, and insufficient patient awareness. Although the ePA was generally perceived as intuitive and potentially beneficial, particularly for improving information availability and reducing redundant diagnostics, its routine use remained strongly dependent on organizational capacity, infrastructure stability, and cross-sectoral integration. Conclusions: Early implementation of the nationwide opt-out ePA in Germany is shaped less by professional resistance than by organizational, technical, and systemic conditions. These findings highlight that successful large-scale digital health implementation requires coordinated strategies addressing technical infrastructure, organizational readiness, governance, and patient engagement beyond the mere deployment of digital systems. Trial Registration: Deutsches Register Klinischer Studien DRKS00037053; https://www.drks.de/search/de/trial/DRKS00037053

Purpose: Intentional communication acts, or purposefully directed vocalizations and gestures, are particularly difficult for infants at elevated ...

Semistructured interviews and focus groups with experts in biodiversity finance in Europe identify opportunities and barriers to upscaling private investment in biodiversity, and emphasize that public...

This article employs semistructured interviews with 43 Chinese female social media users who openly disapprove of feminist politics to examine what socio-cultural factors have shaped such perceptio...

Purpose: While gender-affirming communication research is growing, most of the research has been focused on acoustic, biological, and perceptual ...

Drawing on organizational theory and their own semistructured interviews with C-suite leaders from 11 academic health systems, the authors share insights in this qualitative descriptive study regar...

ntation of the renewed National Cervical Screening Program. Materials and Methods Qualitative semistructured interviews were conducted with key National Cervical Screening Program stakeholders 11–2...