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Joshua Yuan at Washington University in St. Louis and Susie Dai at the University of Missouri, along with colleagues at WashU and Texas A&M, created biodiesel with electrocatalysis and bioconversion.

In this Q&A, expert electrochemists Ezra L. Clark and María Escudero-Escribano discuss the importance of reproducibility in electrocatalysis, best practices for reliable reporting, and what the broade...

Molecular electrocatalysis campaigns often require tuning multiple experimental parameters to obtain kinetically insightful electrochemical measurements, a prohibitively time-consuming task when performing comprehensive studies across multiple catalysts and substrates. In this work, we present an autonomous workflow that combines Bayesian optimization and automated electrochemistry to perform fully unsupervised cyclic voltammetry (CV) studies of molecular electrocatalysis. We developed CV descriptors that leveraged the conceptual framework of the EC′ (where EC′ denotes an electrochemical step followed by a catalytic chemical step) kinetic zone diagram to enable efficient Bayesian optimization. The CV descriptor’s effect on optimization performance was evaluated using a digital twin of our autonomous experimental platform, quantifying the accuracy of obtained kinetic values against the known ground truth. We demonstrated our platform experimentally by performing autonomous studies of TEMPO-catalyzed ethanol and isopropanol electro-oxidation, demonstrating rapid identification of kinetically insightful conditions in 10 or less iterations through the closed-loop workflow. Overall, this work highlights the application of autonomous electrochemical platforms to accelerate mechanistic studies in molecular electrocatalysis and beyond.

Modern medicinal chemists are targeting more complex molecules to address challenging biological targets, which leads to synthesizing structures with higher sp3 character (Fsp3) to enhance specificity...