Genetic screen finds lipoylation as a target to improve radiation success in lung cancer by blocking DNA damage repair.

Gastrointestinal Cancer

Read the full paper: Overexpression of the ERG oncogene in prostate cancer identifies candidates for PARP inhibitor-based radiosensitization

Read the full paper: Cell-cycle-specific lesion evolution rather than inhibition of double-strand-break repair underpins cisplatin radiosensitization

Read the full paper: A Dual-Pronged Hafnia–Prodrug–Lipid Nanoplatform Coupling Radiosensitization and DNA Homologous Recombination Inhibition

Read the full paper: Transcriptomic analysis to uncover the mechanism of radiosensitization of AR-positive triple-negative breast cancers with AR inhibition

Abstract. Mutations in the KRAS oncogene can mediate resistance to radiation. KRAS mutation (mut) driven tumors have been reported to express cancer stem cell (CSC)-like features and may harbor metabo...

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) patients with residual disease after neoadjuvant therapy face a high risk of locoregional recurrence, particularl…

Immunotherapy (IO) is an effective treatment for various cancers; however, the benefits are modest for small cell lung cancer (SCLC). The poor response of SCLC to anti-PD-1/PD-L1 IO is due in part to the lack of cytotoxic T cells because of limited chemokine expression from SCLC tumors. Immunogenic radiosensitizers that enhance chemokine expression may be a promising strategy forward. Here, we show that the PARP inhibitors (PARPi), including olaparib, talazoparib and veliparib, in combination with radiotherapy (RT) enhance the immune activation and anti-tumor efficacy in SCLC cell lines, patient-derived xenograft (PDX) and syngeneic mouse models. The effect is further enhanced by continued delivery of adjuvant PARPi. The combination treatment (PARPi with RT) activates the cGAS-STING pathway and increases the mRNA levels of the T cell chemo-attractants CCL5 and CXCL10. In addition to upregulation of transcription, the combination treatment increases chemokine CXCL10 protein levels via s

Nature Communications - Ataxia telangiectasia and Rad3-related kinase (ATR) is a rational radiosensitization target. This trial evaluates the combination of the ATR inhibitor, ceralasertib, with...

Abstract. In the realm of nanomaterials, atomically precise quasi-molecular gold nanoclusters (AuNCs) play a prime role due to their unique, stable, and hi

Read the full paper: H3K27M enhances basal ATM signaling but is not required for radiosensitization of diffuse midline glioma via ATM inhibition with AZD1390

Background: Lung cancer is a leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide, underscoring the need for the development of more effective treatment strategies. Radiotherapy (RT), particularly intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT), has enhanced tumor targeting while minimizing damage to healthy tissues. Nevertheless, radioresistance and challenges posed by the tumor microenvironment limit its efficacy.Objective: Selenium-curcumin-polyethylene glycol 600 nanoparticles (Se-Cur-PEG NPs) analyzed as radiosensitizers in IMRT for lung cancer treatment.Material and Methods: In this experimental study, Se-Cur-PEG NPs were synthesized and characterized for their potential as radiosensitizers.Results: The in vitro toxicity of Se-Cur-PEG NPs against A549 lung cancer cells was evaluated using MTT assays, demonstrating a dose-dependent reduction in cell viability. The combination of Se-Cur-PEG NPs (50 µg mL-1) with IMRT (4 Gy) resulted in a significant enhancement in cell death compared to either treatment alone, indicating a strong synergistic effect (CI=1.21) and a notable sensitizer enhancement ratio (SER=2.5). Intracellular ROS generation analysis confirmed that Se-Cur-PEG NPs amplified IMRT-induced oxidative stress, contributing to increased cancer cell toxicity. Conclusion: These findings suggest that Se-Cur-PEG NPs hold promise as effective radiosensitizers, potentially improving lung cancer RT outcomes.

Radiotherapy (RT), a cornerstone treatment, is fundamentally limited by tumor hypoxia-induced radioresistance and the associated need for high doses t…