Polycrystalline Li-rich layered cathodes suffer from oxygen loss and grain-boundary degradation during cycling. Here, tannic-acid-assisted infiltration drives Ba to the outer surface and buried grain boundaries, where heat treatment converts it into an epitaxially coupled BaMO3− δ interphase. This ultrathin passivation layer suppresses oxygen release and interfacial side reactions, stabilizing oxygen redox and improving long-term cycling. ABSTRACT High-voltage cathodes with hybrid anion and cation redox activities, such as Li-rich and Mn-rich oxides, offer a pathway to higher energy density in lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). However, those cathodes suffer from oxygen loss from both the surface and grain boundaries, especially in traditional polycrystalline cathodes with secondary-particle morphology. Interfacial passivation is needed, yet uniform, high-quality coating at both primary- and secondary-particle levels remains challenging. Here, using a tannic acid-assisted process, we demonstrate an in situ formed BaMO3− δ (M = Ni, Co, and Mn) perovskite phase at surfaces and grain boundaries, offering effective passivation to suppress structural and electrochemical degradation. Differential electrochemical mass spectrometry (DEMS), soft X-ray spectroscopy (SXAS) and resonant inelastic X-ray spectroscopy (RIXS) reveal that the passivated grain boundaries effectively mitigate oxygen release, promote the retention of oxidized oxygen within the grains, and improve oxygen-redox reversibility. The stabilization is facilitated by strong M─O bonding at primary-particle surfaces, improving energy-density stability and mitigating voltage decay. The improved electrochemical performance results from the reliable coating method, which constructs sequential interfacial bonding along grain boundaries. Using earth-abundant elements only, this process may offer high-quality passivation for a variety of oxide cathodes used in LIBs and beyond.

JinkoSolar has unveiled its first back-contact solar cell technology, combining TOPCon and heterojunction passivation in a new architecture called TAC. The Chinese manufacturer reported a peak cell co...

The Passivation Services Market was valued at USD 4.2 billion in 2025 and is poised to grow from USD 4.

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Sono-electrocoagulation combines ultrasonication and electrocoagulation to enhance mass transfer, reduce electrode passivation, and promote arsenic adsorption onto in situ formed iron (oxy)hydroxides...

Charged point defects cause efficiency loss and instability in perovskite solar cells. Although Lewis acids and bases individually passivate oppositely charged defects, they typically react with one another. Now bulky phosphine bases and fluorinated aromatic acids have been shown to enable concurrent defect passivation and power conversion efficiencies up to 27.4%.

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Nature Chemistry, Published online: 23 September 2026; doi:10.1038/s41557-026-02261-zCharged point defects cause efficiency loss and instability in perovskite solar cells. Although Lewis acids and bases individually passivate oppositely charged defects, they typically react with one another. Now bulky phosphine bases and fluorinated aromatic acids have been shown to enable concurrent defect passivation and power conversion efficiencies up to 27.4%.

Plasma etching of aluminum nitride (AlN) is a critical step in the fabrication of advanced optoelectronic and electronic devices, particularly deep-ultraviolet