LightNews — News, ranked by scholars

SPINA Team

@spinateam.bsky.social

#Hidradenitis suppurativa (acne inversa) is linked to #diabetes mellitus. In the affected, #SPINA-GR is reduced and not compensated by #SPINA-GBeta, resulting in low #SPINA-DI. This phenomenon may be mediated by #inflammation, as shown by ties to #haptoglobin.

pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40217596/

Table showing endotypes of insulin-glucose homeostasis in patients with hidradenitis suppurative (HS or acne inversa) and different expressions of haptoglobin concentration. In persons with HS and a high haptoglobin concentration, insulin sensitivity (SPINA-GR) and beta-cell function (SPINA-GBeta) are similar but combine to provide a reduced disposition index (SPINA-DI).

Plot of SPINA-GBeta versus SPINA-GR in patients with HS and controls: The majority of patients with HS and diabetes are faced with rather low insulin sensitivity and a lack of dynamic compensation via pancreatic beta-cell function, resulting in a reduced disposition index.

April 13, 2025 at 3:26 PM

Johannes W. Dietrich

@drjwdietrich.bsky.social

#Diabetes mellitus is common in hidradenitis suppurativa (acne inversa). Affected persons are faced with low insulin sensitivity ( #SPINA-GR ) and a lack of dynamic compensation via beta-cell function ( #SPINA-GBeta ), resulting in a reduced disposition index ( #SPINA-DI ).

doi.org/10.3390/jcm1...

Measured and calculated biomarkers for insulin–glucose homeostasis in patients with hidradenitis suppurativa (acne inversa, HS) and controls. Reconstructed insulin receptor gain (SPINA-GR) is reduced in HS, and the secretory capacity of pancreatic beta cells (SPINA-GBeta) is compensatorily increased.

Parameters of insulin–glucose homeostasis in patients with HS and with and without diabetes mellitus. In persons affected by both HS and diabetes mellitus, reduced SPINA-GR is insufficiently compensated by SPINA-GBeta, resulting in reduced static disposition index (SPINA-DI) and diabetes.

In persons with HS and a high haptoglobin concentration, insulin sensitivity (SPINA-GR) and beta-cell function (SPINA-GBeta) are similar but combine to provide a reduced disposition index (SPINA-DI).

March 21, 2025 at 5:41 PM

SPINA Team

@spinateam.bsky.social

Release candidate 3 for the software SPINA Carb Cyclone is available for macOS, Windows and Linux.

sourceforge.net/projects/spi...

doi.org/10.5281/zeno...

doi.org/10.5281/zeno...

#SPINA_Carb #SPINA-GBeta #SPINA-GR #SPINA-DI #HOMA

Screenshot of release candidate 3 of SPINA Carb 5.1 Cyclone on mac OS 15.5 Sequoia

June 21, 2025 at 2:26 PM

Johannes W. Dietrich

@drjwdietrich.bsky.social

I am honoured to see our paper "A novel simple disposition index (SPINA-DI) from fasting insulin and glucose concentration as a robust measure of carbohydrate homeostasis" among the "most impactful papers" of the #Journal_of_Diabetes.

onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/toc/10.1...

doi.org/10.1111/1753...

Graphical Abstract:

This novel fasting-based disposition index (SPINA-DI) is defined as the product of insulin receptor gain (SPINA-GR) multiplied by beta-cell function (SPINA-GBeta). SPINA-DI may be reduced due to insulin resistance with insufficient dynamical compensation of beta-cell mass (red horizontal arrow) or due to primary beta-cell failure (red vertical arrow).

SPINA-DI was validated in three cohorts. It had advantages in validity, reliability and diagnostic power compared to established criteria.

Sample title page of the Journal of Diabetes

January 21, 2025 at 6:16 PM

SPINA Team

@spinateam.bsky.social

SPINA Carb 5.1.0 Cyclone has been released in its final version.

#SPINA-GBeta #SPINA-GR #SPINA-DI #SPINA_Carb #insulin #glucose #homeostasis #prediabetes #diabetes

sourceforge.net/projects/spi...

doi.org/10.5281/zeno...

doi.org/10.5281/zeno...

Screenshot of SPINA Carb 5.1.0 Cycline on macOS 15.5 Sequoia, showing two Windows (entry and results).

July 13, 2025 at 8:08 PM

Johannes W. Dietrich

@drjwdietrich.bsky.social

Early diagnosis of #diabetes and prediabetes continues to be a challenge. Recently, we developed a disposition index of insulin-glucose #homeostasis from fasting blood samples. The new parameter is not only less expensive but perhaps even better than established measures. 🩺 🧪 doi.org/10.1111/1753...

This novel fasting-based disposition index (SPINA-DI) is defined as the product of insulin receptor gain (SPINA-GR) multiplied by beta-cell function (SPINA-GBeta). SPINA-DI may be reduced due to insulin resistance with insufficient dynamical compensation of beta-cell mass (red horizontal arrow) or due to primary beta-cell failure (red vertical arrow).

SPINA-DI was validated in three cohorts. It had advantages in validity, reliability and diagnostic power compared to established criteria.

January 3, 2024 at 10:23 AM

Johannes W. Dietrich

@drjwdietrich.bsky.social

🧪In combination with SPINA-GR and whole-exome sequencing, calculating SPINA-GBeta made the discovery of a new form of monogenetic diabetes (MODY) possible. This new DM is characterised by primary insulin resistance and results from a missense variant of the type 2 ryanodine receptor (RyR2) gene. 🩺

SPINA Team @spinateam.bsky.social · Feb 20

Breaking news: In combination with whole-exome sequencing, #SPINA_Carb helped to discover a new form of #MODY #diabetes, caused by an atypical missense variant in the #RyR2 gene (coding the the type 2 #ryanodine receptor). doi.org/10.3389/fend... 🧪🩺

Family tree with affected and sequenced individuals.

The p.N2291D is located in the RIH (RyR and IP3R Homology) domain of the protein and also overlaps hotspot II

Both SPINA-GBeta and fasting proinsulin are significantly higher in RyR2 MODY diabetes. Increased SPINA-GBeta represents dynamical compensation of insulin resistance.

February 20, 2024 at 10:46 PM

SimulaBetaTeam

@simulabetateam.bsky.social

Recently, computer simulations with #SimulaBeta played a key role in the development of the fasting-based disposition index SPINA-DI, a substantially improved method to assess the function of the insulin-glucose feedback loop and for early diagnosis of diabetes mellitus. 🩺 doi.org/10.1111/1753...

4 Plots showing the hyperbolic relation between SPINA-GBeta (a measure for beta cell function) and SPINA-GR (reconstructed insulin receptor gain as a measure for insulin sensitivity).

(A) SPINA-DI remains constant as long as changes in insulin sensitivity (as measured by SPINA-GR) are balanced by adequate variations in beta cell function (SPINA-GBeta, circles 1, 2, and 3). (B) If dynamic compensation fails, either due to insufficient adaptation to insulin resistance (circle 4) or primary beta cell failure (circle 5), the disposition index breaks down and is markedly reduced. (C) Computer simulations with systematic variations of insulin receptor gain (GR) and secretory capacity of beta cells (GBeta) and resulting blood glucose concentration. (D) SPINA-GBeta plotted against SPINA-GR in the definition dataset. Results of persons with normal glucose homeostasis are near the hyperbola of normal SPINA-DI. The ability of dynamical beta cell compensation is partly lost in prediabetes.

January 3, 2024 at 10:26 PM

Johannes W. Dietrich

@drjwdietrich.bsky.social

The disposition index of #insulin-glucose #homeostasis is an estimate for its loop gain. Its determination used to be complex, requiring clamp, IVGTT or OGTT experiments. We have developed a fasting-based method that is simpler and better 🧪🩺

pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38169110/
doi.org/10.1111/1753...

Graphical abstract: The novel fasting-based disposition index (SPINA-DI) is defined as the product of insulin receptor gain (SPINA-GR) multiplied by beta-cell function (SPINA-GBeta). SPINA-DI may be reduced due to insulin resistance with insufficient dynamical compensation of beta-cell mass (red horizontal arrow) or primary beta-cell failure (red vertical arrow).
SPINA-DI was validated in three cohorts. It had advantages in validity, reliability and diagnostic power compared to established criteria.

December 8, 2024 at 10:45 PM

SPINA Team

@spinateam.bsky.social

#SPINA_Carb has high discriminatory power for the distinction between #diabetes and normal glucose homeostasis. SPINA-GBeta is better than HOMA-Beta, SPINA-GR is better than HOMA-IR and QUICKI, but SPINA-DI is best, being even more powerful than ivGTT. 🩺🧪 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38169110/

Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves for insulin sensitivity index (ISI), insulinogenic index (IGI), the disposition index according to Matsuda and DeFronzo, HOMA-IR (homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance), HOMA-Beta (homeostatic model assessment of β-cell function), QUICKI (quantitative insulin sensitivity check index), SPINA-GR (reconstructed insulin receptor gain), SPINA-GBeta (secretory capacity of pancreatic beta cells) and SPINA-DI (structure parameter inference approach-disposition index).

SPINA-DI has high discriminatory power for the distinction between diabetes and normal glucose homeostasis. ROC curves and corresponding areas under the curve (AUC) are shown for several markers for the function of the insulin-glucose feedback control in the validation dataset. The area under the curve is highest for SPINA-DI (0.90).

Table: Measured and calculated parameters of the feedback loop in subjects with diabetes mellitus, prediabetes and normal glucose homeostasis in two different studies. It showes that SPINA Carb has the best discriminatory power.

Bar plots with reconstructed insulin receptor gain (SPINA-GR), secretory capacity of pancreatic beta cells (SPINA-GBeta) and fasting-based disposition index (SPINA-DI) in two different studies. It shows that SPINA-GBeta, SPINA-GR and SPINA-DI differ significantly between subjects with normal glucose homeostasis, prediabetes and diabetes mellitus.

January 6, 2024 at 10:59 AM

Johannes W. Dietrich

@drjwdietrich.bsky.social

Therefore, the non-increased and, in many cases, even reduced beta cell function in metabolic syndrome may not mirror an "either-or" question but be part of continuous evolution. It may be both the source of prediabetes and diabetes, but also prevent insulinoma. 🧪🩺

pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38169110/

(A) SPINA-DI remains constant as long as changes in insulin sensitivity (as measured by SPINA-GR) are balanced by adequate variations in beta cell function (SPINA-GBeta, circles 1, 2, and 3). (B) If dynamic compensation fails, either due to insufficient adaptation to insulin resistance (circle 4) or primary beta cell failure (circle 5), the disposition index breaks down and is markedly reduced. (C) Computer simulations with systematic variations of insulin receptor gain (GR) and secretory capacity of beta cells (GBeta) and resulting blood glucose concentration. (D) SPINA-GBeta plotted against SPINA-GR in the definition dataset. Results of persons with normal glucose homeostasis are near the hyperbola of normal SPINA-DI (green dots). The ability of dynamical beta cell compensation is partly lost in persons with prediabetes (orange dots) or diabetes (red dots), resulting in lower SPINA-DI.

March 17, 2024 at 5:44 PM

SPINA Team

@spinateam.bsky.social

Another study highlights advantages of SPINA-GBeta over the #HOMA method, here with correlation to the adherence of #mediterranean diet.

#SPINA_Carb #SPINA-GBeta #SPINA-GR #SPINA-DI

doi.org/10.3390/nu18...

May 10, 2026 at 2:40 PM

SPINA Team

@spinateam.bsky.social

Mathematical modelling of #insulin-#glucose #homeostasis delivers new and improved methods for metabolic endotyping. #prediabetes #diabetes #metabolic_syndrome #betacell pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36271244/ doi.org/10.1038/s415...

Information processing structure of the feedback model. [G](t): glucose concentration; S(t): insulin secretion rate; [I](t): insulin concentration; M(t): proximal insulin signalling; N(t) distal insulin signalling; P(t): constitutive glucose production rate; Q(t): regulated glucose production rate; W(t): intestinal glucose absorption rate; R(t): glucose arrival rate. G1 and G3 represent gains of ASIA elements. Units of measurement are displayed in the small, rounded boxes with red margins.

Circular Maps of the correlation networks of novel biomarkers for insulin-glucose homeostasis with anthropometric and experimental data in the NHANES cohort (A) and the clamp study (B). Shown are significant correlations (p < 0.05) only, and line thickness indicates the strength of negative (blue) or positive (red) correlation. A green segment in the inner ring indicates a reduction of the corresponding biomarker in subjects with diabetes.

Plot of SPINA-GBeta against SPINA-GR, suggesting a compensatory rise of beta cell function in the case of declining insulin sensitivity in subjects with normal glucose homeostasis (green dots). This ability of beta cell compensation is partly lost in subjects with prediabetes (orange dots) or diabetes (red dots).

September 26, 2025 at 9:24 PM

Rexxi

@rexxitheanimetrex.bsky.social

For today’s collection.. one that I was forced to do. I often try to refuse to acknowledge this film aside from the aviary scene. #jurassicpark #dinosaur #dinosaurart #paleoart #paleosky

Spinosaurus
Spina
Spined Lizard

The Spinosaurus is a theropod that lived in Africa during the middle Cretaceous. It was semi aquatic and hunted fish. Due to its stature, it is the tallest and longest theropod. THIS DOES NOT MEAN IT IS THE LARGEST. Largest is measured by weight. The Spinosaurus is also an OVERHYPED B- I must keep my bias out of my rambling.

You have never seen rage until you’ve seen a Rexxi and Spina fight. Should either cross paths, there will be blood. A deep seeded hatred was formed in 2001 and has never let up. Spinas are generally weaker, although they can put up a fight. Once or twice they can win, but they don’t kill. Rexxis never hold back, and go for the neck constantly. Spinas themselves are extremely aggressive. They will attack anything that enters their territory. Even though they often lose to other predators, most Spina controlled territories are void of other threats. They just don’t see it as worth it, especially if a Rexxi comes by.

Ankylosaurus
Anky
Fused Lizard

Ankylosaurus was a thick plated animal, known for the club on the end of its tail. Given its stature, the club could theoretically have been used to shatter leg bones of attacking predators, but other fossils indicate that the Ankylosaurus actually used it on other Ankylosaur’s as a dominance sign. It likely was used for both.

Anky’s are fairly high tempered. It doesn’t take a lot for them to start swinging at you. They aim low, but the problem comes with their humanoid form. They’re not aiming for the shins anymore, they’re aiming for what’s between them.

Corythosaurus
Cori
Helmeted Lizard

Corythosaurus is a hadrosaur from the late Cretaceous. They’re actually extremely well known, as they have several complete skeletons found. We even have scale impressions. The crest itself is unknown what it would’ve been used for. Ultimately, probably display.

Cori’s like to hang around Anky’s. They’re fairly social, with each one’s crest having a different pattern. They use these to identify each other. They’re also a herding species, and will gather in groups. Often times this can lead to them guiding stampedes, as their crests create loud bright colors for others to follow. If a Cori is running and you can hear thunder.. follow them.

Ceratosaurus
Cera
Horned Lizard

Ceratosaurus is a late Jurassic theropod from Colorado. Its first skeleton is the most in tact one known. They were one of the larger theropods of the time, but pale in comparison to some later Cretaceous theropods. Most distinctively is the horn on their face, although often exaggerated in popular media (I’m not helping).

Cera’s aren’t known to be extremely hostile. In fact, they’ll often remain peaceful if you respect your distance from them. They more often than not end up striking deals and being underlings to larger, more dangerous threats on the island, but have been known to work alone. Lone Cera’s are significantly more hostile.

July 16, 2026 at 4:56 PM

UnicoShop

@unicoshop.bsky.social

SPINA UE .Caratteristiche:- Forma rotonda.- Fornito di serie in una borsa da trasporto in nylon in tinta.- Può ospitare fino a 10 persone.- La griglia e la vasca interna sono in acciaio inossidabile e possono essere lavate in lavastoviglie.- Il ventilatore funziona con 4 batterie.- Può essere util