UCL Discovery is UCL's open access repository, showcasing and providing access to UCL research outputs from all UCL disciplines.

UCL Discovery is UCL's open access repository, showcasing and providing access to UCL research outputs from all UCL disciplines.

ZBiotics uses engineered probiotics to target acetaldehyde, bringing a new approach to responsible drinking. Visit Uncrate for the full post.

Thioacetaldehyde (CH3CHS), recently detected in TMC-1, has an abundance approximately 36 times lower than its oxygen analog, acetaldehyde (CH3CHO). This makes the CH3CHS/CH3CHO pair the one with the…

Why does "vaguely off" beer trigger distrust? Learn how sub-recognition faults like DMS and acetaldehyde ruin lagers—and how to fix them with yeast nutrition.

Alcohol consumption is a major risk factor for cancer, particularly of the head and neck. Acetaldehyde, the main ethanol metabolite, is linked to oral carcinogenesis, but the mechanisms are not well understood. While some mutational signatures such as single-base substitution signature SBS16, doublet-base substitution signature DBS4, and indel signature ID11 have been linked to alcohol use, they are not limited to alcohol-related cancers. We examined the genome-wide in vivo mutation landscapes of rats chronically exposed to ethanol or acetaldehyde, focusing on head-and-neck tumors (involving the cheek and the Zymbal gland) and tumors of the forestomach and liver. Mutational signature analysis revealed early-onset, exposure-associated formation of signature SBS17 in ~ 38% of head-and-neck tumors, suggesting inflammation and oxidative damage may mediate carcinogenesis in these sites. We observed relative enrichment of driver-like mutations in Tp53, Mtor and Hras in exposed tumors, where all Tp53-mutated tumors were SBS17-positive, recapitulating a similar scenario from human gastro-esophageal adenocarcinomas. Next, the doublet-base, indel, copy number and structural variant changes were sporadic and not following exposure-specific patterns. No signatures previously associated with alcohol consumption in humans were observed in the exposed animals. Thus, in this animal cancer model, alcohol-related carcinogenesis across multiple organs is unlikely to be driven mainly by direct mutagenicity of ethanol or acetaldehyde. Rather, the results support a role for non-mutational processes in mediating their carcinogenic effects. Further investigation is warranted to clarify the relationship between mutational signature SBS17 and TP53 loss-of-function mutations as potential biomarkers of alcohol-related carcinogenesis in animals and humans. Graphical Abstract Ethanol or acetaldehyde exposure in rats induces limited genome-wide mutations in head-and-neck, forestomach, and liver tissues. SBS17 appears early in 38% head-and-neck tumors following exposure, implicating inflammation and oxidative damage. Tp53, Mtor, and Hras mutations are enriched upon exposure, with all Tp53-mutant tumors SBS17-positive, paralleling human cancer observations. Exposure-linked carcinogenesis is unlikely driven by direct mutagenicity of ethanol/acetaldehyde.

AbstractPrototypical α,β-unsaturated carbonyl compounds, methyl ketene and propenal, are key intermediates in the formation of complex interstellar organic molecules and prebiotic molecules. The two important species have been detected in the interstellar medium; however, the formation mechanisms of the two species at low temperatures remain elusive. Here, we demonstrate the gas-phase synthesis of both molecules from the reaction of methylidyne (CH•) with acetaldehyde (CH3CHO) at temperatures from 25 to 100 K. Reaction rate coefficients were measured via the laser-induced fluorescence technique and products were identified by vacuum ultraviolet photoionization mass spectrometry and the photoionization efficiency method. Astrochemical modeling of the Taurus molecular cloud (TMC-1) revealed the key role of the CH• + CH3CHO reaction in the gas-phase formation of methyl ketene and propenal, replicating their astronomically observed abundances. This study highlights the significant role of gas-phase synthesis of unsaturated complex compounds in cold interstellar environments.

Industrial sugarcane ethanol fermentations are accomplished by a microbial community dominated by S. cerevisiae and co-occurring bacteria. Here, the authors investigate how microbial community composi...

Brookhaven researchers and international scientists developed a high-performing catalyst for ethanol dehydrogenation

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Research links even one daily alcoholic drink to higher risk of 10 cancers. Learn how alcohol causes cancer and steps you can take to reduce your risk.