Breast cancer (BC) metastasis remains a major cause of mortality, yet the molecular mechanisms driving this process are incompletely understood. This study identifies TMEM216, a transmembrane protein implicated in ciliary homeostasis, as a suppressor of lung metastasis in BC. Using mammary-specific Tmem216 knockout mice, we demonstrate that Tmem216 deficiency promotes lung metastasis without affecting primary tumor proliferation. Clinical analyses reveal reduced TMEM216 expression in metastatic lesions and aggressive cell lines, correlating with poor patient distant metastasis-free survival. Mechanistically, TMEM216 interacts with IGF1R and binds to IRS4 via the conserved K79-D1049 interaction, disrupting the IGF1R-IRS4 complex formation and suppressing IGF pathway activation. Rescue experiments in vitro and in vivo confirm that TMEM216-mediated metastasis inhibition depends on IGF signaling modulation. Tissue microarray analyses further establish an inverse correlation between TMEM216

Tian, Nikan, and colleagues report Clone F-Hprt, an IGF1R-targeted antibody–siRNA conjugate designed to expand oligonucleotide delivery beyond the liver. Local and systemic administration produced Hprt knockdown in CNS and selected peripheral tissues, supporting IGF1R as a complementary BBB shuttle receptor.

Background/aims To explore the roles of insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF1R) and thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor (TSHR) in extraocular muscle pathology.Methods Extraocular muscle specimens were obtained during rectus muscle myectomy surgeries performed for large-angle strabismus correction in patients with thyroid-associated orbitopathy (TAO) and during rectus muscle resection surgeries performed for congenital strabismus in normal controls. Immunohistochemistry was employed to detect and compare between-group IGF1R and TSHR expression; ImageJ software was used to assess the staining area and H&E staining was used to evaluate morphological differences in tissues. Intergroup comparisons were conducted using the Mann-Whitney U test.Results Histological examination of the extraocular muscle specimens revealed greater fibrosis in the TAO group (n=12) than in the control group (n=6). Immunohistochemistry (IHC) revealed significantly higher expression of both IGF1R and TSHR in the TAO group, particularly in elongated fibroblast-like cells and some myocytes, than in the control group, which exhibited minimal expression. Semiquantitative analysis confirmed significantly larger mean expression areas for IGF1R and TSHR in the TAO group than in the control group (p

Oncolytic herpes simplex virus 1 (oHSV) is a promising viro-immunotherapy that directly lyses tumor cells while reshaping the tumor microenvironment (TME) and stimulates anti-tumor immunity. However, despite encouraging preclinical and clinical activity, treatment-induced adaptations in tumor cells and the surrounding microenvironment can promote survival, repair, repopulation, immune escape, and recurrence, thereby limiting durable therapeutic benefit. In our recent article published in Cell Death & Disease,1 we asked why oHSV often fails to achieve durable tumor control and whether the adaptive resistance it induces can be therapeutically overcome.

RSV is the leading cause of infant hospitalizations and a significant cause of paediatric and geriatric morbidity worldwide. Recently, we reported that insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF1R) wa...

A blood-brain barrier-like vascular gate in small cell lung cancer and other neuroendocrine cancers blocks immune cells and drives resistance to immunotherapy. Targeting the proteins IGF1R or IGFBP5 boosts CD8+ T cell infiltration and enhances anti-PD1 therapy.

RSV is the leading cause of infant hospitalizations and a significant cause of paediatric and geriatric morbidity worldwide. Recently, we reported that insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF1R) wa...

The 4-Vinylcyclohexene dioxide (VCD) is a common occupational chemical which can lead to ovary toxicity. Autophagy is an evolutionarily conserved process that is crucial for regulating the follicular ...

The role of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in regulating cancer progression remains to be explored. Here, the authors identify an antisense lncRNA in the IGF1R locus (IGF1RAS1) which strongly interact...