IL-33 induces tertiary lymphoid structures.

IL-33 induces tertiary lymphoid structures.

Liver-restricted viral infection in mice results in secondary lymphoid organ dormancy and the compensatory induction of specialized lymphoid tissue in the liver, the structural features and functional outputs of which are closely mirrored in humans.

Transient ectopic lymphoid structures known as tertiary lymphoid structures (TLS) have been observed in many solid tumour types. Teillaud et al. discuss how these TLS potentially orchestrate immune responses against tumours locally...

B cells are major drivers of systemic immunity, but they also act locally in non-lymphoid organs. This Review highlights new insights into mechanisms of tissue B cell function as well as efforts to le...

Tertiary lymphoid structures (TLSs) are critical regulators of antitumor immunity, yet their spatial organization, maturation, and clinical relevance remain incompletely defined across cancers. We ana...

B cells are major drivers of systemic immunity, but they also act locally in non-lymphoid organs. This Review highlights new insights into mechanisms of tissue B cell function as well as efforts to le...

Calvanese et al. discovered that type I interferon is an essential upstream mediator for the development of tertiary lymphoid structures in the lungs. IFNAR1 signaling results in the production of LT....

Immunomodulatory B cells in human gut-associated lymphoid tissue support mucosal homeostasis.

Meningeal innate lymphoid cells guide inhibitory neurons in early life

Tertiary lymphoid structures (TLSs) are associated with immunotherapy response, yet the mechanisms controlling their formation and maintenance remain unclear. Using spatial transcriptomics and multipl...

B cells are major drivers of systemic immunity, but they also act locally in non-lymphoid organs. This Review highlights new insights into mechanisms of tissue B cell function as well as efforts to le...

IL-33 induces tertiary lymphoid structures.

T and B cells cooperate in meningeal eLFs to promote differentiation and clonal expansion of B cells and reactivation of CNS T cells.

IL-33 induces tertiary lymphoid structures.

Renal cell carcinoma tumours containing tertiary lymphoid structures (TLSs) are enriched for exhausted CD8+ T cells, including tumour-specific clonotypes with stem-like progenitor features and reduced terminal exhaustion.

Tertiary lymphoid structures (TLSs) are associated with immunotherapy response, yet the mechanisms controlling their formation and maintenance remain unclear. Using spatial transcriptomics and mult...

Functional lymphoid structures within the skull bone marrow enable central nervous system immunosurveillance and shape immune responses to brain disease.

New research reveals that nurse shark pancreases function as secondary lymphoid organs, helping produce antibodies and mount immune responses, challenging what we know about vertebrate immunity.

Tertiary lymphoid structures (TLSs) arise in non-lymphoid tissues in response to persistent antigen stimulation and chronic inflammation. Spanning organs from lung and liver to meninges, skin, and be...

Immunity declines with age. This results in a higher risk of age-related diseases, diminished ability to respond to new infections and reduced response to vaccines. The causes of this immune dysfunction are cellular senescence, which occurs in both lymphoid and non-lymphoid tissue, and chronic, low-grade inflammation known as ‘inflammageing’. In this Review article, we highlight how the processes of inflammation and senescence drive each other, leading to loss of immune function. To break this cycle, therapies are needed that target the interactions between the altered tissue environment and the immune system instead of targeting each component alone. We discuss the relative merits and drawbacks of therapies that are directed at eliminating senescent cells (senolytics) and those that inhibit inflammation (senomorphics) in the context of tissue niches. Furthermore, we discuss therapeutic strategies designed to directly boost immune cell function and improve immune surveillance in tissue