The present study aimed to investigate the effect of glycocalyx dietary supplement (GDS), containing glucosamine sulfate and fucoidan, on endothelial glycocalyx integrity and vascular function in sub...

Disruption of mucin-domain glycoprotein expression and function in the endothelial glycocalyx are associated with ageing and Alzheimer’s disease, leading to dysregulated blood–brain barrier function.

The glycocalyx is best studied for its regulation of immune cell trafficking from the vasculature into inflamed tissues. The glycocalyx is composed of a range of glycans and glyco-proteins that form a...

The glycocalyx is a complex layer of glycosylated biomolecules surrounding all cells in the human body. It is involved in the regulation of critical cellular processes such as immune response modulation, cell adhesion, and host-pathogen interactions. Despite these insights, the functional relationship between glycocalyx architecture and cellular state has remained elusive so far, mainly attributable to the structural diversity of glycocalyx constituents and their nanoscale organization. Here, we show that DNA-tagged lectin labeling and metabolic oligosaccharide engineering enables multiplexed super-resolution microscopy of glycocalyx constituents, yielding an atlas of glycocalyx architecture with nanometer resolution. Quantitative analysis of the obtained nanoscale map of glycocalyx constituents facilitates the extraction of characteristic spatial relationships that accurately report on cellular state. We demonstrate the capacity of our approach, which we term Glycan Atlassing, across cell and tissue types, ranging from cultured cell lines to primary immune cells, neurons, and primary patient tissue. Glycan Atlassing establishes a powerful strategy for investigating glycocalyx remodeling in development and disease, potentially enabling the development of new glycocalyx-centered targets in diagnosis and therapy. ### Competing Interest Statement The authors have declared no competing interest. Else Kröner-Fresenius-StiftungElse Kröner-Fresenius-Stiftung, https://ror.org/03zcxha54, 2020_EKEA.91 Deutsche ForschungsgemeinschaftDeutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, https://ror.org/018mejw64, 529257351, 460333672, 270949263 Wilhelm Sander StiftungWilhelm Sander Stiftung, https://ror.org/02q83sc19, 2023.025.1 European Research CouncilEuropean Research Council, , 101118729 Alexander von Humboldt FoundationAlexander von Humboldt Foundation, https://ror.org/012kf4317,

The blood-brain barrier (BBB) glycocalyx is the dense layer of glycans and glycoconjugates that coats the luminal surface of the central nervous system (CNS) vasculature. Despite being the first point...

Disruption of mucin-domain glycoprotein expression and function in the endothelial glycocalyx are associated with ageing and Alzheimer’s disease, leading to dysregulated blood–brain barrier function.

The luminal surface of blood vessels is covered by a hydrated mesh of sugars and proteins termed the endothelial glycocalyx. The glycocalyx forms a permeability barrier and helps regulate leucocyte migration. Directly detecting glycocalyx damage could provide a major advance in vascular health monitoring. Here we show that red blood cell glycocalyx mirrors the endothelial glycocalyx in health and disease. Using peripherally sampled blood, we confirm that red blood cell glycocalyx measurements predict cardiac and renal endothelial glycocalyx alterations and direct measures of endothelial barrier function in male rats. To investigate the underlying mechanism, we use Azide-Alkyne cycloaddition (‘Click’ chemistry) to confirm that contact between endothelial and red blood cells results in continual reciprocal transfer of glycocalyx components. These discoveries facilitate real-time monitoring of endothelial damage in patients whilst simultaneously providing a potential explanation as to how

Macromolecular crowding is ubiquitous to physiological environments, perturbing the thermodynamics and kinetics of proteins via excluded volume and nonspecific chemical interactions. While crowding ha...

Disruption of mucin-domain glycoprotein expression and function in the endothelial glycocalyx are associated with ageing and Alzheimer’s disease, leading to dysregulated blood–brain barrier function.

By combining bioorthogonal metabolic labelling and resolution enhancement through sequential imaging of DNA barcodes, the molecular organization of individual sugars in the native glycocalyx has been ...

The cancer glycocalyx is characterized by the overexpression of large glycoconjugates, including mucins, proteoglycans, and polysialic acid, which collectively increase glycocalyx thickness and stiffn...

Fever, a universal host defense in infection and inflammation, paradoxically contributes to neurological complications in malaria. While febrile temperatures enhance the expression of parasite virulen...

Bång-Rudenstam et al. report that the acidic tumour microenvironment facilitates the assembly of chondroitin sulfate-enriched glycocalyx to disrupt lipid scavenging and prevent ferroptosis, thereby pr...

Leukocytes accumulate in the skin during psoriatic-like inflammation upon cleavage of surface heparan sulfate.

Disruption of mucin-domain glycoprotein expression and function in the endothelial glycocalyx are associated with ageing and Alzheimer’s disease, leading to dysregulated blood–brain barrier function.

Glycobiology is rooted in the study of monosaccharides, Angstrom-sized molecules that are the building blocks of intricate glycosylation patterns. Glycosylated biomolecules form the glycocalyx, a dens...