Sarkar et al. use organelle-specific mass spectrometry-based lipidomics and proteomics followed by multi-omics factor analyses to investigate the role of lysosomal lipids in murine brain aging. The data uncover age-dependent accumulation of myelin components and altered sphingolipid catabolism resembling lysosomal storage diseases and associated with lysosomal dysfunction.

ALT: Baby Intently Reading 'Up To Date' Papers

Multiomics profiling of healthy individuals reveals differences across molecular layers and key pathways related to immune, metabolic, and microbiome-linked processes across ethnicities, while geograp...

Beef is rich in nutrients and is one of the most important ingredients in the world. But in the process of cooking and heating, the nutrients of beef will

Spinal predominant demyelinating leukodystrophy with leg spasticity (SPDMLS) · JAMA Neurol 2026

A traditional Chinese medicine formula that has been used clinically in China for over three decades has now been studied in rats for its effects on diet-induced fatty liver disease, with researchers

Background and Objective: Untargeted lipid annotation by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry is challenged by structural isomers, multiple ion forms, and retention time differences between analytical datasets. We developed an open-source computational workflow combining dataset-specific retention time adjustment with experimentally characterized lipid information to restrict candidate assignments while preserving unresolved identities. Methods: The R workflow uses a curated database of 592 lipid species derived from a human plasma reference material. It combines monotonic retention time adjustment, accurate-mass matching, isotope-pattern assessment, empirical adduct profile, and ambiguity resolution. Developed using a 40-sample MICROSAMPLING study, it was applied to an independent 189-sample METFORMIN-HIIE study acquired under compatible chromatographic conditions. Annotation stages were evaluated against fixed workflow-derived references, including a comparison with unadjusted database retention times. Results: Unadjusted retention time matching recovered 55.4-77.2% of reference feature-lipid pairs, whereas adjusted matching recovered all reference pairs under identical tolerances. RT adjustment reduced candidates on non-reference features by 69.5-83.2% relative to mass-only matching and increased within-reference candidate discrimination from 69.1-70.9% to 88.5-92.6%. Isotope filtering and ambiguity resolution further restricted assignments. Integration across ionization modes yielded 433 and 379 endogenous feature records, respectively; 93 and 100 retained multiple compatible lipid identities rather than forcing unsupported unique assignments. Conclusions: Dataset-specific adjustment improves agreement with workflow-curated assignments while restricting candidate space. The approach supports reproducible lipid annotation and transparent uncertainty handling. Because the reference assignments originate from the workflow itself, complete retention does not establish independent annotation sensitivity or accuracy.

Glaucoma is a multifactorial optic neuropathy. Intraocular pressure (IOP), aging, vascular dysregulation, oxidative stress, mitochondrial failure, and chroni...

Persistent inflammation and altered lipid metabolism are linked to comorbidities in people with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), yet their progression after initiating antiretroviral therapy (ART) is not fully understood. This exploratory, uncontrolled pilot study investigated longitudinal changes in biomarkers and plasma lipidomics in 11 ART-naïve adults starting raltegravir plus tenofovir disoproxil fumarate/emtricitabine. Circulating biomarkers were measured, and untargeted plasma lipidomics was performed using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry at baseline and at a follow-up visit near week 48 (range: 47.7–61.9 weeks). Within-participant changes were analyzed using paired Wilcoxon signed-rank tests, with Benjamini–Hochberg false discovery rate (FDR) correction applied separately to biomarker and lipidomic datasets. Paired effect sizes and 95% confidence intervals were also estimated. All participants achieved virological suppression. After FDR correction, interleukin-10 (IL-10) concentrations increased, and soluble cluster of differentiation 163 (sCD163) concentrations decreased (both q = 0.019). However, none of the 490 lipid features remained significant after FDR correction. Twenty-six features showed large absolute paired Hedges' effect-size estimates (|gz| ≥ 0.80), with 24 positive and two negative estimates. These findings demonstrate longitudinal changes in IL-10 and sCD163 following ART initiation. The lipidomic results, however, are considered hypothesis-generating. Due to the absence of a comparator group, these changes cannot be definitively attributed to the specific ART regimen. Larger, controlled studies are necessary to confirm reproducibility and clinical relevance.

Mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) maps metabolites and lipids in tissue with spatial resolution, but molecular identity remains partly resolved: single ions match multiple candidate compounds, and most detected metabolites and lipids fall outside canonical biochemical pathways. We developed SpacePath, a computational framework that retains ion-to-compound ambiguity, scores canonical pathways across tissue locations, and groups assignments that were unmapped to pathways into de novo molecular families by chemical similarity. Pathway mappings covered on average only 1% of molecular assignments, whereas the combined SpacePath representation covered 24% of pooled assignments. Benchmarking on four public spatial lipidomics datasets (healthy mouse brain, cerebellum, a demyelination model, and human bladder cancer) recovered previously reported spatial patterns. In newly acquired glioblastoma xenograft datasets, SpacePath identified lipid programs specific to tumor and surrounding brain, and SpiderMass-MS/MS independently confirmed four tumor-associated features from a de novo family, refining the initial MS1 assignments. SpacePath extends the spatial interpretation of MSI data beyond canonical pathways while preserving annotation uncertainty.

Technical Specialist in metabolomics and lipidomics mass spectrometry at King's College London's Smart Trials Hub, Guy's Campus. Permanent, full time.